A Guide to AIDS

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Series Preface -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- SECTION I: The Challenge of HIV and How to Respond to It -- 1: What is HIV? -- 1.1 Human immunodeficiency virus is a lentivirus -- 1.2 Life cycle of HIV -- 1.3 Receptors -- 1.4 Tropism -- 1.5 HIV resistance: CCR5/CXCR and mutations -- 1.6 CXCR4 coreceptor -- 1.7 Transmission -- 1.8 A case of HIV cure: The Berlin patient from Seattle -- References -- 2: The Root of the Problem -- 2.1 Public policy and leadership -- 2.2 Moral and religious dimension -- References -- 3: A Tale of Incomplete Hopes -- 3.1 Early focus on antibodies -- 3.2 The CD4 binding site -- 3.3 An elusive dormant virus -- 3.4 HIV vaccine dilemma -- 3.5 Revisionist perspective -- References -- 4: To Fund or Not to Fund -- 4.1 White House leadership -- 4.2 Funding alone does not prevent the spread of HIV -- 4.3 Institutional capacity and responsibility -- References -- 5: The Human Immune System May Protect against HIV -- 5.1 Immune: A key word in the HIV acronym -- 5.2 Innate and adaptive immunity -- 5.3 The complement system -- 5.4 Phagocytic cells -- 5.5 Adaptive immune system -- 5.6 Molecular immunity -- References -- 6: Origin of HIV -- 6.1 Why is it important to seek the origins of the AIDS virus? -- 6.2 Strain 1, group M, and the epidemiology of HIV -- 6.3 Origin of HIV-1 -- 6.4 Exposure to one type of lentivirus: Pathogenic to humans, primates? -- 6.5 The search continues -- References -- SECTION II: A Preventable Disease -- 7: AIDS: Choices and Outcomes -- 7.1 Like a worm in the vegetables -- 7.2 Historical perspective -- 7.3 Prevention: Male condoms -- 7.4 Prevention: Female condoms and drug-laced vaginal rings -- 7.5 Who will protect the fetus from HIV?

7.6 Sex with virologically suppressed HIV-infected individuals -- 7.7 Life-long anti-HIV drugs -- 7.8 HIV medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration -- 7.9 Possible side effects from HAART treatment -- 7.10 Financial costs associated with HAART -- References -- 8: Mosquitoes Do Not Spread HIV -- 8.1 Mosquito bites -- 8.2 Mosquitoes and human immunodeficiency virus -- 8.3 Centers for Disease Control reports on insect transmission of HIV -- 8.4 Mosquitoes and human mortality -- References -- 9: Remedies That Are a Hoax -- 9.1 Ignoring HIV as the cause of AIDS -- 9.2 False HIV cures and child abuse -- 9.3 The electromagnetic pretense -- 9.4 Spotted lizards, spotty research -- 9.5 Other quackery -- References -- 10: Circumcision -- 10.1 ABC or ABCC? -- 10.2 Early childhood circumcision versus adult circumcision -- 10.3 Educating community regarding the benefits of circumcision -- 10.4 Irrational opposition to circumcision -- References -- 11: Clean Needles: The Case of India -- 11.1 Sterilization practices -- 11.2 Tatooing or body piercing -- 11.3 Need for institutional involvement -- References -- SECTION III: What to Do and Not Do -- 12: Alcohol and AIDS -- 12.1 Alcohol's threat to world health -- 12.2 Prosperity, alcoholism, and AIDS -- 12.3 Alcohol abuse by students -- 12.4 Compromised immune capacity -- References -- 13: TB and HIV: A Deadly Combination -- 13.1 Tuberculosis and global mortality -- 13.2 How TB can be cured in HIV-infected individuals -- 13.3 Comparing two global killers -- References -- 14: HIV in the Age of the Desaparecidas -- 14.1 Abortion and HIV: What does abortion have to do with HIV infection? -- 14.2 Gendercide in the contemporary world -- 14.3 Male-female ratios and HIV -- 14.4 AIDS: Asia's Intolerant Daughter Siege -- References.

15: The Military-AIDS Complex: AIDS and International Security -- 15.1 Health and the military -- 15.2 HIV and national security -- 15.3 India and American security -- 15.4 Sexually transmitted infections and the military -- References -- 16: Counting the Costs: More Deadly Than Military Conflict -- 16.1 Necrometrics -- 16.2 Global conflicts -- References -- 17: AIDS Orphans -- 17.1 Orphans and musical insights -- 17.2 Case study: Uganda -- 17.3 Psychological trauma -- 17.4 Stigmatization -- 17.5 Estimates of AIDS orphans -- References -- SECTION IV: Cultural Differences and AIDS Awareness -- 18: AIDS and the Hispanic Community -- 18.1 Disproportionate problems -- 18.2 Imbalanced male-female demographic patterns -- 18.3 Young hispanics -- References -- 19: AIDS and African Americans -- 19.1 Knowledge of serostatus, testing, and the Black Church -- 19.2 Sexually transmitted diseases and HIV -- 19.3 Late diagnosis -- 19.4 Poverty, incarceration, and HIV -- References -- 20: Culture and AIDS Transmission: The Example of India -- 20.1 HIV/AIDS statistics -- 20.2 More than a medical problem -- 20.3 AIDS' Achilles' heels -- References -- 21: Indian Traditions, Women, and HIV -- 21.1 Disproportionate burdens -- 21.2 Widows and remarriage -- 21.3 Devadasi and jogini -- 21.4 Progressive legislation -- References -- 22: Confession and Complaint: Bad, Worse, and Worst -- 22.1 Needle abuse -- References -- 23: The Language of AIDS -- 23.1 Linguistic interpretations of AIDS -- 23.2 Personification of AIDS -- References -- 24: They Died of AIDS -- 24.1 AIDS attacks individuals -- 24.2 AIDS has a human face -- References -- 25: Poetic Reflections on the AIDS Crisis -- 25.1 Etcetera: These are the houses that AIDS built -- 25.2 AIDS personified -- Reference -- Index.