A working guide to process equipment

Overview: The latest methods for troubleshooting and maintaining process equipment. Applicable to a broad range of technicians and industries and fully updated throughout, A Working Guide to Process Equipment, Fourth Edition, explains how to diagnose, troubleshoot, and correct problems with chemical and petroleum refining process equipment. Nine new chapters cover: Tray design details. -- Shell-and-tube heat exchanger design details. -- Relief valve system design. -- Vapor lock and exchanger flooding in steam systems. -- Steam generation operating and design details -- Wastewater strippers. Thermodynamics: how it applies to process equipment. Centrifugal pumps: reducing seal and bearing failures. Hand calculations for distillation towers. Vapor: liquid equilibrium, absorption, and stripping calculations. Filled with examples and illustrations, this practical resource demonstrates how theory applies to solving real-world plant operation problems. Selected hand calculation methods are also provided. Comprehensive coverage includes: Distillation Tower Trays -- Tower Pressure Control -- Distillation Towers -- Reboilers -- Tower Internals -- Instruments -- Packed Towers -- Steam and Condensate Systems -- Bubble Point and Dew Point -- Steam Strippers -- Draw-Off Nozzle Hydraulics -- Pumparounds and Tower Heat Flows -- Condensers and Tower Pressure Control -- Air Coolers -- Deaerators and Steam Systems -- Steam Generation -- Wastewater Strippers -- Vacuum Systems -- Steam Turbines -- Surface Condensers -- Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers -- Fired Heaters -- Refrigeration Systems -- Cooling Water Systems -- Catalytic Effects -- Centrifugal Pumps -- Control Valves -- Separators -- Centrifugal Compressors and Surge -- Reciprocating Compressors -- Corrosion -- Fluid Flow in Pipes -- Super-Fractionation Stage -- Computer Control -- Field Troubleshooting.

Foreword -- Preface to the fourth edition -- Preface to the third edition -- Preface to the second edition -- Preface to the first edition -- Introduction -- Acknowledgments -- Process Equipment Fundamentals: -- Frictional losses -- Density difference induces flow -- Natural Thermosyphon circulation -- Reducing hydrocarbon partial pressure -- Corrosion at home -- What I know -- Distillation: the first application -- Origin of reflux -- Glossary -- Basic Terms And Conditions -- How Trays Work: Flooding: -- History of distillation: -- Tray types -- Tray efficiency -- Downcomer backup -- Downcomer clearance -- Vapor-flow pressure drop -- Jet flood -- Incipient flood -- Tower pressure drop and flooding -- Optimizing feed tray location -- Catacarb Co2 absorber flooding -- How Trays Work: Dumping-Weeping Through Tray Decks: -- Tray pressure drop -- Other causes of tray inefficiency -- Bubble-cap trays -- New high capacity trays -- Calculating tray efficiency -- Notes On Tray Design Details: -- Process design equipment details -- Why Control Tower Pressure: Options For Optimizing Tower Operating Pressure: -- Selecting an optimum tower pressure -- Raising the tower pressure target -- Lowe…