Fuels and fuel-additives

Covering the chemical structures and properties of fuels and fuel additives, Fuels and Fuels-Additives provides the science and technology involved in the production of energy efficient and environmentally friendly fuels and the role that fuel additives have in this process. This single source guide on fuels and fuel additives contains the most up-to-date coverage and requirements of the fuels including US and EU standards in automotive emissions, fuel quality and specifications, alternate fuels, biofuels, antioxidants, stabilizers and corrosion inhibitors, and polymeric fuel additives.

Fuels and Fuel-Additives; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1 Petroleum-Based Fuels- An Outlook; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Environmental Issues; 1.3 Classification of Fuels; References; Chapter 2 Emission Regulation of Automotive Vehicles and Quality of Automotive Fuels; 2.1 Direct Regulation of Emissions; 2.1.1 Emission Standards in Europe; 2.1.2 US (EPA) Emission Standards [20,21]; 2.1.3 Emission Regulation in Japan [7,21]; 2.1.4 Emission Standards in India [22,23]; 2.1.5 Emission Standards in China [24]; 2.2 Indirect Emission Regulations (International Standards); References.

Chapter 3 Fuels from Crude Oil (Petroleum)3.1 Crude Oil; 3.2 Crude Oil Refining; 3.2.1 Separation and Extraction Processes; 3.2.2 Change of Quality and Yield of Hydrocarbon Fractions; References; Chapter 4 Alternative Fuels; 4.1 Light (Gaseous) Hydrocarbons; 4.2 Propane-Butane Gas; 4.3 Mixtures of Synthetic Liquid Hydrocarbons; 4.3.1 Liquid Synthetic Hydrocarbon Mixtures from Synthesis Gas; 4.3.2 Biogas Oils from Triglycerides; 4.3.3 Production of Bioparaffins from Lignocellulose and Carbohydrates; 4.4 Oxygen-Containing Engine Fuels and Blending Components; 4.4.1 Alcohols; 4.4.2 Ethers.

4.4.3 Vegetable O…