Gas Insulated Substations

GIS: Gas- Insulated Substations; Contents; List of Contributors; Foreword; Acknowledgements; 1 Introduction; 1.1 General; 1.1.1 Organization; 1.1.2 Experts over the Years; 1.1.3 Content of the Tutorial; 1.1.4 Tutorials and Panels Given; 1.2 Definitions; 1.2.1 GIS; 1.2.2 Metal-Enclosed Switchgear and Controlgear; 1.2.3 Gas Insulated Metal-Enclosed Switchgear; 1.2.4 Gas Insulated Switchgear Enclosure; 1.2.5 Compartment of GIS; 1.2.6 Design Pressure of Enclosures; 1.2.7 Gas Monitoring Systems; 1.2.8 Gas Leakage Rate (Absolute); 1.2.9 Gas Leakage Rate (Relative); 1.2.10 Gas Pass Through Insulator.

1.2.11 Gas Zone1.2.12 Local Control Cubicle (or Cabinet) (LCC); 1.2.13 Support Insulator; 1.2.14 Partition; 1.2.15 Power Kinematic Chain; 1.2.16 Design Pressure of Enclosures; 1.2.17 Relative Pressure across the Partition; 1.2.18 Operating Pressure of Pressure Relief Device; 1.2.19 Routine Test Pressure of Enclosures and Partitions; 1.2.20 Type Test Pressure of Enclosures and Partitions; 1.2.21 Rated Filling Pressure pre; 1.2.22 Bushing; 1.2.23 Main Circuit; 1.2.24 Auxiliary Circuit; 1.2.25 Design Temperature of Enclosures; 1.2.26 Service Period; 1.2.27 Transport Unit.

1.2.28 Mixed Technologies Switchgear (MTS)1.3 Standards and References; 1.3.1 Standards; 1.3.2 Current Standards Most Relevant to GIS; 1.4 Ratings; 1.4.1 General; 1.4.2 Rated Maximum Voltage; 1.4.3 Rated Insulation Level; 1.4.4 Rated Power Frequency; 1.4.5 Rated Continuous Current; 1.4.6 Rated Short Time Withstand Current; 1.4.7 Rated Peak Withstand Current; 1.4.8 Rated Supply Voltages; 2 Basic Information; 2.1 History; 2.1.1 General; 2.1.2 Steps of Development; 2.2 Physics of Gas Insulated Switchgear; 2.2.1 Electric Fields; 2.2.2 Breakdown in Gases; 2.2.3 Excitation and Ionization.

2.2.4 Free Electrons2.2.5 Mean Free Path; 2.2.6 Electron/Gas Molecule Impact; 2.2.7 Breakdown; 2.2.8 Sulfur Hexafluoride; 2.2.9 Electric Field Control in GIS; 2.2.10 GIS Circuit Breakers; 2.3 Reliability and Availability; 2.3.1 General; 2.3.2 Historical View; 2.3.3 CIGRE Survey; 2.3.4 Reliability GIS versus AIS; 2.4 Design; 2.4.1 Overview; 2.4.2 SF6 Gas; 2.4.3 Enclosure; 2.4.4 Principles; 2.4.5 Operation; 2.5 Safety; 2.5.1 General; 2.5.2 Design and Erection Requirements; 2.5.3 Building Requirements; 2.5.4 Grounding/Earthing Requirements; 2.5.5 Burn Through of Enclosure.

2.5.6 Work Behind Pressurized Insulators2.5.7 SF6 Release to Buildings; 2.6 Grounding and Bonding; 2.6.1 General; 2.6.2 GIS Versus AIS Grounding; 2.6.3 GIS Enclosure Currents; 2.6.4 General Rules for GIS Grounding; 2.6.5 Very Fast Transients; 2.6.6 GIS Grounding Connection Details; 2.7 Factors for Choosing Gas Insulated Substations; 2.7.1 General; 2.7.2 Factors; 2.7.3 Power System; 2.7.4 Environment; 2.7.5 Economics; 2.7.6 Conclusion; 2.8 Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6); 2.8.1 What is Sulfur Hexafluoride?; 2.8.2 Background Information; 2.8.3 Producer and User of SF6; 2.8.4 SF6 Gas Handling.

Hermann Koch received his academic education at Technical University Darmstadt and New Jersey Institute of Technology in Newark, NJ from in 1986 in Electrical Engineering. His research work in the field of high voltages was concluded in 1990 with his doctoral thesis on partial discharge measurements for non-destructive testing. In 1991 he started his business career with Siemens in Erlangen Germany at the headquarters of the power transmission division. In several responsibilities he was engaged in gas insulated technologies for HV circuit breaker, gas-insulated substations and transmission li.

2.8.5 Gas-Handling Equipment.