Hydrogen science and engineering: materials, processes, systems and technology

And Christian Sattler 8.1 Introduction 151 8.2 Hydrogen Production via Methane Reforming 152 8.3 Solar-Aided Methane Reforming 154 8.4 Current Development Status and Future Prospects 167 9 Fuel Processing for Utilization in Fuel Cells 173 Ralf Peters 9.1 Introduction 173 9.2 Scope of the Work and Methodical Approach 174 9.3 Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics 175 9.4 Unit Operations 180 9.5 Subsystems of Fuel Processing 192 9.6 Conclusion 208 10 Small-Scale Reforming for On-Site Hydrogen Supply 217 Ingrid Schjølberg, Christian Hulteberg,

Biomass) 242 11.3 Syngas by Partial Oxidation of Heavy Oils 244 11.4 Syngas by Steam Reforming of Natural Gas 246 11.5 Conclusions 249 Part 2.3 H2 from Electricity 253 12 Electrolysis Systems for Grid Relieving 255 Filip Smeets and Jan Vaes 12.1 Introduction 255 12.2 Energy Policies around the Globe Drive Demand for Energy Storage 256 12.3 The Options for Integration of Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources 261 12.4 The Evolution of the Demand for Energy Storage 268 12.5 The Role of Electrolyzers in the Energy Transition 270 12.6 The Overall Business Case and Outlook 274 12.7 Conclusions 278 13 Status and Prospects of Alkaline Electrolysis 283 Dongke Zhang and Kai Zeng 13.1 Introduction 283 13.2 Thermodynamic Consideration 285 13.3 Electrode Kinetics 287 13.4 Electrical and Transport Resistances 292 13.5 Research.

And Debabrata Das 18.1 Introduction 417 18.2 Hydrogen Production from Biomass as Feedstock 422 18.3 Reactor Configurations and Scale-Up Challenges 427 18.4 Economics and Barriers 430 18.5 Future Prospects 431 18.6 Conclusion 431 Part 2.5 Hydrogen from Solar Radiation and Algae 439 19 Photoelectrochemical Water Decomposition 441 Sebastian Fiechter 19.1 Introduction 441 19.2 Principles of Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting 442 19.3 Design of Water Splitting Devices 448 19.4 Nano- and Microstructured Photoelectrodes 455 19.5 Economic Aspects 457 19.6 Concluding Remarks 457 20 Current Insights to Enhance Hydrogen Production by Photosynthetic Organisms 461 Roshan Sharma Poudyal, Indira Tiwari, Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour, Dmitry A. Los, Robert Carpentier, Jian-Ren Shen, and Suleyman I.

Allakhverdiev 20.1 Introduction 461 20.2 Biological H2 Production 463 20.3 Physiology and Biochemistry of Algae and Cyanobacteria for H2 Production 465 20.4 Hydrogenase and Nitrogenase for H2 Production 466 20.5 Photosystems and H2 Production 469 20.6 Fact.

List of Contributors xxxi <p><b>Volume 1</b></p> <p><b>Part 1 Sol-Gel Chemistry and Methods 1</b></p> <p><b>1 Hydrogen in Refineries 3</b><br /><i>James G. Speight</i></p> <p>1.1 Introduction 3</p> <p>1.2 Hydroprocesses 4</p> <p>1.3 Refining Heavy Feedstocks 11</p> <p>1.4 Hydrogen Production 12</p> <p>1.5 Hydrogen Management 14</p> <p><b>2 Hydrogen in the Chemical Industry 19</b><br /><i>Florian Ausfelder and Alexis Bazzanella</i></p> <p>2.1 Introduction 19</p> <p>2.2 Sources of Hydrogen in the Chemical Industry 22</p> <p>2.3 Utilization of Hydrogen in the Chemical Industry 32</p> <p><b>3 Chlorine-Alkaline Electrolysis -- Technology and Use and Economy 41</b><br /><i>Alessandro Delfrate</i></p> <p>3.1 Introduction 41</p> <p>3.2 Production Technologies 42</p> <p>3.3 Use of Chlorine and Sodium Hydroxide 52</p> <p><b>Part 2 Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier 57</b></p> <p><b>Part 2.1 Introduction and National Strategies 57</b></p> <p><b>4 Hydrogen Research, Development, Demonstration, and Market Deployment Activities 59</b><br /><i>Jochen Linssen and Jürgen-Friedrich Hake</i></p> <p>4.1 Introduction 59</p> <p>4.2 Germany 60</p> <p>4.3 Norway 65</p> <p>4.4 European Union 68</p> <p>4.5 Cana…