Moral aggregation

Aggregation is one of the fundamental features of utilitarianism and other forms of axiological theories, permitting the trade-off of morally relevant factors between different individuals. It is also a feature that critics of utilitarianism condemn. Yet the basic features of aggregation are not understood properly. This book elucidates the theoretical structure and scope of interpersonal and intra-personal aggregation in ethics and defends a form of aggregation, formal aggregation, as distinguished from substantive aggregation of utilitarianism.

Includes index.

Cover -- Acknowledgments -- CONTENTS -- Part One A Theory of Aggregation -- 1 Why Aggregation? -- 1.1 Aggregation in Ethics -- 1.2 Example I: QALY Aggregation -- 1.3 Example II: Taurek's Rescue Case -- 1.4 The Structure of This Book -- 2 The Structure of Aggregation -- 2.1 Aggregation Defined -- 2.2 What Is Aggregative and What Is Not? -- 2.3 The Structure of Interpersonal Aggregation -- 2.3.1 Interpersonal Comparability -- 2.3.2 Impartiality -- 2.3.3 Pareto -- 2.3.4 Continuity -- 3 Formal and Substantive Aggregation

3.1 Counterexample to Interpersonal Aggregation: The World Cup Case3.2 Hidden Assumptions -- 3.3 Substantive and Formal Aggregation -- 3.4 Formal Aggregation in Perspective -- 4 Aggregation and the Separateness of Persons -- 4.1 The Separateness of Persons: Rawls's Strict Account -- 4.2 The Wider Account -- 4.3 Defusing the Wider Account -- 4.4 The Separateness Objection and Contractarianism -- 4.5 Scanlon's Contractualism -- 5 Intra-Personal Aggregation -- 5.1 Who Supports Intra-Personal Aggregation? -- 5.2 The Structure of Intra-Personal Aggregation

5.3 The Objection to Intra-Personal Continuity5.4 The Objection to Temporal Symmetry -- Part Two The Number Problem …