Polymer extrusion

Extrusion is by far the most important and the oldest processing and shaping method for thermoplastic polymers. This process concerns almost all synthetic polymers, as well as elastomers or food materials. Single-screw extrusion is mainly used nowadays to manufacture finished goods or semi-finished products. More than 90 million tons of thermoplastics are therefore processed every year. Twin-screw extrusion may be divided into two systems: contra-rotating systems used within the context of PVC extrusion, for the manufacture of pipes or profiles; and co-rotating systems experiencing nowa.

6.2.2. Designing the flat die.

Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Table of Contents; Introduction; Chapter 1. Continuum Mechanics, Rheology and Heat Transfer Overview; 1.1. Continuum mechanics; 1.1.1. Strain; 1.1.2. Strain rate; 1.1.3. Stress; 1.1.4. General equations in continuum mechanics; 1.2. Rheology; 1.2.1. Newtonian behavior; 1.2.2. General viscous behavior; 1.2.3. Effects on pressure and temperature; 1.3. Heat transfer [CAR 59, BIR 60, AGA 14]; 1.3.1. The thermal balance equation; 1.3.2. Heat transfer during flow; 1.3.3. Cooling temperature; 1.4. Bibliography; Chapter 2. Calculation Methods; 2.1. Introduction.

2.2. 1D solutions2.2.1. Isothermal calculation; 2.2.2. Non-isothermal calculations; 2.3. 2D solutions; 2.3.1. Network method (or FAN method); 2.3.2. Finite element method; 2.4. Bibliography; Chapter 3. Single-Screw Extrusion; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Geomentry and approximations; 3.3. Solid conveying zone; 3.3.1. Phenomenological description; 3.3.2. Modeling; 3.3.3. Synthesis; 3.3.4. Determination of physical parameters; 3.4. Melting zone; 3.4.1. Phenomenological description; 3.4.2. Modeling; 3.5. Metering zone; 3.5.1. Phenomenological description; 3.5.2. Modeling; 3.6. Overall model.

3.7. Technologic…