Programming Language Explorations

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- CHAPTER 0: Introduction -- 0.1 WHY STUDY PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES -- 0.2 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE ELEMENTS -- 0.3 EVALUATING PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES -- CHAPTER 1: JavaScript -- 1.1 HELLO JAVASCRIPT -- 1.2 THE BASICS -- 1.3 CLOSURES -- 1.4 METHODS -- 1.5 PROTOTYPES -- 1.6 SCOPE -- 1.7 CALLBACKS AND PROMISES -- 1.8 JAVASCRIPT WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 2: CoffeeScript -- 2.1 HELLO COFFEESCRIPT -- 2.2 THE BASICS -- 2.3 NO SHADOWING?! -- 2.4 COMPREHENSIONS -- 2.5 DESTRUCTURING -- 2.6 EXISTENTIAL OPERATORS

2.7 COFFEESCRIPT WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 3: Lua -- 3.1 HELLO LUA -- 3.2 THE BASICS -- 3.3 SCOPE -- 3.4 TABLES -- 3.5 METATABLES -- 3.6 COROUTINES -- 3.7 LUA WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 4: Python -- 4.1 HELLO PYTHON -- 4.2 THE BASICS -- 4.3 SCOPE -- 4.4 PARAMETER ASSOCIATION -- 4.5 SPECIAL METHODS -- 4.6 ITERATORS AND GENERATORS -- 4.7 DECORATORS -- 4.8 PYTHON WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 5: Ruby -- 5.1 HELLO RUBY -- 5.2 THE BASICS -- 5.3 OBJECT ORIENTATION -- 5.3.1 Messaging -- 5.3.2 Encapsulation -- 5.3.3 Inheritance -- 5.3.4 Polymorphism -- 5.3.5 Singleton Classes -- 5.4 BLOCKS -- 5.5 MIXINS -- 5.6 ACCESS CONTROL

5.7 METAPROGRAMMING -- 5.8 RUBY WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 6: Julia -- 6.1 HELLO JULIA -- 6.2 THE BASICS -- 6.3 TYPES -- 6.3.1 Abstract Types -- 6.3.2 Parametric Types -- 6.3.3 Sum and Product Types -- 6.3.4 Type Annotations -- 6.3.5 Covariance, Contravariance, and Invariance -- 6.4 MULTIPLE DISPATCH -- 6.5 METAPROGRAMMING -- 6.6 PARALLEL COMPUTING -- 6.7 JULIA WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 7: Java -- 7.1 HELLO JAVA -- 7.2 THE BASICS -- 7.3 INTERFACES -- 7.4 STATIC TYPING -- 7.5 GENERICS -- 7.6 THREADS -- 7.7 METAPROGRAMMING -- 7.8 JAVA WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 8: Clojure -- 8.1 HELLO CLOJURE -- 8.2 THE BASICS

8.3 NAMESPACES -- 8.4 PERSISTENT DATA STRUCTURES -- 8.5 TRANSIENTS -- 8.6 SOFTWARE TRANSACTIONAL MEMORY -- 8.7 AGENTS -- 8.8 THE EXPRESSION PROBLEM -- 8.9 MACROS -- 8.10 CLOJURE WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 9: Elm -- 9.1 HELLO ELM -- 9.2 THE BASICS -- 9.3 TYPE INFERENCE -- 9.4 TAGGED UNIONS -- 9.5 RECORDS -- 9.6 EFFECTS -- 9.7 ELM WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 10: Erlang -- 10.1 HELLO ERLANG -- 10.2 THE BASICS -- 10.3 MATCHING -- 10.4 MESSAGING -- 10.5 ERLANG WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 11: Go -- 11.1 HELLO GO -- 11.2 THE BASICS -- 11.3 POINTERS -- 11.4 SLICES -- 11.5 INTERFACES -- 11.6 PANICS -- 11.7 GOROUTINES

11.8 REFLECTION -- 11.9 GO WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 12: Swift -- 12.1 HELLO SWIFT -- 12.2 THE BASICS -- 12.3 OPTIONALS -- 12.4 OPERATORS -- 12.5 PROTOCOLS -- 12.6 EXTENSIONS -- 12.7 SAFETY FEATURES -- 12.8 AUTOMATIC REFERENCE COUNTING -- 12.9 SWIFT WRAP UP -- CHAPTER 13: Additional Languages -- 13.1 THE CLASSICS -- 13.2 SYSTEMS LANGUAGES -- 13.3 THE ENTERPRISE -- 13.4 SCRIPTING -- 13.5 THE ML FAMILY -- 13.6 CONCURRENCY MATTERS -- 13.7 THE WEB -- 13.8 CRYSTALLIZATIONS OF STYLE -- 13.9 ESOTERIC LANGUAGES -- 13.10 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGES -- CHAPTER 14: Afterword -- 14.1 WHERE WE'VE BEEN -- 14.1.1 Functions

14.1.2 Types

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