The calculation of partial derivatives is a fundamental need in scientific computing. Automatic differentiation (AD) can be applied straightforwardly to obtain all necessary partial derivatives (usually first and, possibly, second derivatives) regardless of a code's complexity. …
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The calculation of partial derivatives is a fundamental need in scientific computing. Automatic differentiation (AD) can be applied straightforwardly to obtain all necessary partial derivatives (usually first and, possibly, second derivatives) regardless of a code's complexity. …
This book presents recent advances in the theory and implementation of intelligent and other computational techniques in the insurance industry. The paradigms covered encompass artificial neural networks and fuzzy systems, including clustering versions, optimization and resampli…