This study compared the SES achievement gaps of 13 education systems in both mathematics and science over time. Each education system was initially categorized as either a system with "increasing SES achievement gaps" or "decreasing SES achievement gaps," based on 20-year trends…
This open-access book focuses on trends in educational inequality using twenty years of grade 8 student data collected from 13 education systems by the IEA's Trends in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) between 1995 and 2015. While the overall positive association between fam…