Green energetic materials

2.3.1.1 Synthesis and Detection2.3.1.2 Properties and Performance; 2.3.2 Energetic Anions Rich in Oxygen and Nitrogen; 2.3.2.1 Trinitrogen Dioxide Anion; 2.3.2.2 1-Nitro-2-oxo-3-Amino-Triazene Anion; 2.3.3 The Pentazolate Anion and its Oxy-Derivatives; 2.3.3.1 Kinetic Stability; 2.3.3.2 Spectroscopic Detection; 2.3.3.3 Synthesis; 2.3.3.4 Performance; 2.3.4 Tetrahedral N4; 2.3.4.1 Potential Energy Surface; 2.3.4.2 Spectroscopic Detection; 2.3.4.3 Synthesis; 2.3.4.4 Thermodynamic Stability and Performance; 2.4 Conclusions; References.

3. Some Perspectives on Sensitivity to Initiation of Detonation3.1 Energetic Materials and Green Chemistry; 3.2 Sensitivity: Some Background; 3.3 Sensitivity Relationships; 3.4 Sensitivity: Some Relevant Factors; 3.4.1 Amino Substituents; 3.4.2 Layered (Graphite-Like) Crystal Lattice; 3.4.3 Free Space in the Crystal Lattice; 3.4.4 Weak Trigger Bonds; 3.4.5 Molecular Electrostatic Potentials; 3.5 Summary; Acknowledgments; References; 4. Advances Toward the Development of "Green" Pyrotechnics; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Foundation of "Green" Pyrotechnics.

4.6.1 Environmentally Friendly Colored Smoke Compositions4.6.2 Environmentally Friendly White Smoke Compositions; 4.7 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; References; 5. Green Primary Explosives; 5.1 Introduction; 5.1.1 What is a Primary Explosive?; 5.1.1.1 Common Initiating Devices: Detonators/Primers/Blasting Caps; 5.1.2 The Case for Green Primary Explosives; 5.1.3 Legacy Primary Explosives; 5.1.3.1 Lead Azide (LA); 5.1.3.2 Lead Styphnate (LS); 5.2 Green Primary Explosive Candidates; 5.2.1 Inorganic Compounds; 5.2.1.1 Silver Azide (SA); 5.2.1.2 Other Inorganic Azides.

4.3 Development of Perchlorate-Free Pyrotechnics4.3.1 Perchlorate-Free Illuminating Pyrotechnics; 4.3.2 Perchlorate-Free Simulators; 4.4 Removal of Heavy Metals from Pyrotechnic Formulations; 4.4.1 Barium-Free Green-Light Emitting Illuminants; 4.4.2 Barium-Free Incendiary Compositions; 4.4.3 Lead-Free Pyrotechnic Compositions; 4.4.4 Chromium-Free Pyrotechnic Compositions; 4.5 Removal of Chlorinated Organic Compounds from Pyrotechnic Formulations; 4.5.1 Chlorine-Free Illuminating Compositions; 4.6 Environmentally Friendly Smoke Compositions.

Green Energetic Materials; Contents; List of Contributors; Preface; 1. Introduction to Green Energetic Materials; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Green Chemistry and Energetic Materials; 1.3 Green Propellants in Civil Space Travel; 1.3.1 Green Oxidizers to Replace Ammonium Perchlorate; 1.3.2 Green Liquid Propellants to Replace Hydrazine; 1.3.3 Electric Propulsion; 1.4 Conclusions; References; 2. Theoretical Design of Green Energetic Materials: Predicting Stability, Detection, Synthesis and Performance; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Computational Methods; 2.3 Green Propellant Components; 2.3.1 Trinitramide.

This book provides a detailed account of the most recent research and developments in green chemistry, including green pyrotechnics, explosives and propellants. Topics include: theoretical design of green energetic materials; development of green pyrotechnics; green primary and secondary explosives; oxidizers and binder materials for green propellants; environmentally sustainable manufacturing technologies for energetic materials; electrochemical methods for synthesis of energetic materials and waste remediation. This is a valuable resource for academic, industrial and governmental researchers working on the development of energetic materials, for both military and civilian applications.

Includes bibliographical references and index.