High performance CMOS range imaging: device technology and systems considerations

by Süss, Andreas

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Title Statements

Full title :High performance CMOS range imaging : device technology and systems considerations / Andreas Süss.

Summary

This work is dedicated to CMOS based imaging with the emphasis on the noise modeling, characterization and optimization in order to contribute to the design of high performance imagers in general and range imagers in particular. CMOS is known to be superior to CCD due to its flexibility in terms of integration capabilities, but typically has to be enhanced to compete at parameters as for instance noise, dynamic range or spectral response. Temporal noise is an important topic, since it is one of the most crucial parameters that ultimately limits the performance and cannot be corrected. This work gathers the widespread theory on noise and extends the theory by a non-rigorous but potentially computing efficient algorithm to estimate noise in time sampled systems. This work contributed to two generations of LDPD based ToF range image sensors and proposed a new approach to implement the MSI PM ToF principle. This was verified to yield a significantly faster charge transfer, better linearity, dark current and matching performance. A non-linear and time-variant model is provided that takes into account undesired phenomena such as finite charge transfer speed and a parasitic sensitivity to light when the shutters should remain OFF, to allow for investigations of largesignal characteristics, sensitivity and precision. It was demonstrated that the model converges to a standard photodetector model and properly resembles the measurements. Finally the impact of these undesired phenomena on the range measurement performance is demonstrated.

Edition Statements

Publication Date:©2016

Publication Statements

Publisher(s):CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
Place of Publication:The Hague, The Netherlands
Language:eng
Publication Date:©2016

Notes

"A Balkema book."

The Physical Object

Description:1 online resource (xxvii, 228 pages) : : illustrations

Edition Identifiers

ISBN:9781315643885, 131564388X
oclc:ocn945735556
LC Classification:TA1637
Dewey Decimal:621.367

1 Introduction 2 State of the art range imaging; 2.1 Triangulation; 2.2 Interferometry; 2.3 Time-of-flight; 2.3.1 Direct time-of-flight; 2.3.2 Continuous wave method; 2.3.3 Pulsed wave method; 2.4 Comparison of optical range imaging methods 3 Temporal noise; 3.1 Introduction to noise analysis; 3.1.1 Basic probabilistic concepts for the analysis of uncertainties; 3.1.2 Stochastic processes; 3.1.3 Propagation of noise in linear time-invariant circuits; 3.2 Noise analysis in non-linear and time-variant systems; 3.2.1 Transformation of probability density functions; 3.2.2 Employing z-transform for noise analysis; 3.2.3 LPTV methods; 3.2.4 Propagation of noise in non-linear time-variant systems; 3.2.5 Noise in the time domain; 3.2.6 A sequential method using a switching time-frequency domain; 3.3 Fundamental noise processes in electronic devices; 3.3.1 Thermal noise; 3.3.2 Shot noise and photon noise; 3.3.3 Remarks.

Flicker and RTS noise; 5.3 Correlated double sampling; 5.4 Novel JFET readout structure for CMOS APS 6 On the design of PM-ToF range imagers; 6.1 Basic concept and constraints; 6.2 Physical limitations due to photon induced shot noise; 6.3 Design objectives and considerati…

Subjects

digital imaging Image processing -- Digital techniques Metal oxide semiconductors, Complementa… MOS complémentaires TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Mechanical Traitement d'images -- Techniques numér…