Learning over time: learning trajectories in mathematics education

The driving forces behind mathematics learning trajectories is the need to understand how children actually learn and make sense of mathematics-how they progress from prior knowledge, through intermediate understandings, to the mathematics target understandings-and how to use these insights to improve instruction and student learning. In this book, readers will come to understand what learning trajectories are, the research and methodology that are necessary for developing them, and gain insight into potential applications of learning trajectories. A synthesis and research outcome in their own right, learning trajectories provide detailed description of instructionally-grounded development of mathematical concepts and reasoning from the perspective of student learning, and, overall, building on decades of accumulated experience in mathematics education research. However, their greater importance may lie in their potential as frameworks that contribute an unprecedented coherence across classroom instruction, professional development, standards, and assessment, by focusing squarely on conceptual understanding and reasoning instead of assessment-driven procedural knowledge. This potential was sufficiently compelling as an organizing framework to have been cited as a basis for the Common Core mathematics standards, the new mathematics learning expectations that are now consistent across most of the United States.

""Front ""; ""CONTENTS""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""CHAPTER 1""; ""CHAPTER 2""; ""CHAPTER 3""; ""CHAPTER 4""; ""CHAPTER 5""; ""CHAPTER 6""; ""CHAPTER 7""; ""CHAPTER 8""; ""CONCLUSION""