Membrane distillation: principles and applications

Modern membrane engineering is critical to the development of process-intensification strategies and to the stimulation of industrial growth. Membrane Distillation (MD) is a broad reference that covers specific information on membranes available and methods for MD membrane preparation and characterization. The book offers an introduction to the terminology and fundamental concepts as well as a historical review of MD development. Commercial membranes used in MD as well as laboratory-made membranes, including emerging membranes, are described in detail and illustrated by a number of clear and instructive schematic drawings and images. A comprehensive review on the development of MD membranes, MD modules, MD membrane characterization, MD configurations, applications in different areas and theoretical models Introduction to the terminology and fundamental concepts associated with MD as well as an historical review of MD development Description of commercial membranes used in MD as well as laboratory-made membranes, including emerging membranes.

1. Introduction to Membrane Distillation (MD) -- 2. Membranes used in MD and MD design -- 3. Formation of flat sheet phase inversion MD membranes -- 4. Formation of Hollow fiber MD membranes -- 5. Thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS) mechanism study for MD membrane formation -- 6. Membrane modification for MD membrane formation -- 7. Formation of nanofiber MD membranes -- 8. MD membrane characterization -- 9. MD membrane modules -- 10. Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) -- 11. Sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD) -- 12. Vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) -- 13. Air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) -- 14. Temperature polarization, concentration polarization and membrane fouling in MD -- 15. Membrane Distillation hybrid systems -- 16. Economics and membrane process designs -- 17. Future directions in membrane distillation.