Niccolò Machiavelli's seminal work, 'The prince', argued that a ruler could not govern morally and be successful. Giovanni Botero disputed this argument and proposed a system for the maintenance and expansion of a state that remained moral in character. Founding an anti-Machiave…
"Emperor Ferdinand II (1619-1637) stands out as a crucial figure in the Counter-Reformation in Central Europe, a leading player in the Thirty Years War, the most important ruler in the consolidation of the Habsburg monarchy, and the emperor who reinvigorated the office after its…
Scope and content: "Emperor Ferdinand II (1619-1637) stands out as a crucial figure in the Counter Reformation in Central Europe, a leading player in the Thirty Years War, the most important ruler in the consolidation of the Habsburg monarchy, and the emperor who reinvigorated t…
"Emperor Ferdinand II (1619-1637) stands out as a crucial figure in the Counter Reformation in Central Europe, a leading player in the Thirty Years War, the most important ruler in the consolidation of the Habsburg monarchy, and the emperor who reinvigorated the office after its…
Emperor Ferdinand II (1619-37) stands out as a crucial figure in the Counter-Reformation in central Europe, a leading player in the Thirty Years War, the most important ruler in the consolidation of the Habsburg monarchy, and the emperor who reinvigorated the office after its de…
Boyhood and Youth, 1578-1598 -- Early Years in Inner Austria, 1598-1608 -- Toward the Succession, 1608-1618 -- The Bohemian Rebellion, 1618-1621 -- Consolidation and Expansion, 1621-1628 -- Overreach, 1627-1630 -- Setback, 1631-1632 -- Recovery, 1632-1634 -- Settlement and Death…
"Emperor Ferdinand II (1619-1637) stands out as a crucial figure in the Counter-Reformation in Central Europe, a leading player in the Thirty Years War, the most important ruler in the consolidation of the Habsburg monarchy, and the emperor who reinvigorated the office after its…