Langermann, Y. Tzvi

Saʿd b. Manṣūr Ibn Kammūna (d. 683/1284) was a Jewish philosopher active mainly in Baghdad. Life He was born early in the seventh/thirteenth century into a Jewish family, probably in Baghdad. There are grounds for supposing that his family had a tradition of erudition, and Saʿd …

Bakr b. al-Qāsim b. Abī Thawr al-Mawṣilī , a philosopher of the early fourth/tenth century, has left us a single short treatise, Fī l-nafs (“On the soul”), preserved uniquely in MS London, British Library Add. 7473, fols. 6r–12r. This tract takes the form of a letter to Bakr's f…

Bahāʾ al-Dīn Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Kharaqī (d. 553/1158–9) was a mathematician, astronomer, and well-rounded scholar of Persian origin, probably from Kharaq (or Khiraq), near Marw, to which city he was summoned by the Khwārazmshāh (either Quṭb al-Dīn Muḥammad, r. 490–521…