Launay, Robert

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Mande (Mandingo) is the name of a West African language and of its native speakers who, as a widely dispersed trading diaspora, were responsible for diffusing Islam throughout much of the western Sudan. Their homeland lay in the mediaeval empire of Mali, which, at its apogee in …

Islamic education has been an essential component of Islam in West Africa since its introduction by the fourth/tenth century. The celebrated Moroccan traveller Ibn Baṭṭūṭa (d. 770 or 779/1368 or 1377), who visited the empire of Mali in the eighth/fourteenth century, noted with a…

Djula (Dyula, Yarse) is a term in many dialects of the Mande language spoken in several West African countries (Mali, Guinea, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Côte d’Ivoire and Burkina Faso), which refers to traders, especially those involved in long-distan…