Molina, Luis

Abū l-Khaṭṭār al-Ḥusām (or al-Ḥuṣām) b. Ḍirār al-Kalbī (d. 130/748) was a military leader and the last of the governors of al-Andalus to be appointed from Ifrīqiya. Initially he was sent by Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik (d. 125/743), the caliph of Damascus, to al-Andalus in orde…

ʿAbdallāh b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān (r. 275–300/888–912) was the seventh Umayyad amīr of al-Andalus. His reign was a struggle for survival in the face of threats that, very early on, put in danger both his throne and the continued existence of the Umayyad dynasty in al-Andal…

ʿAbdallāh b. Mūsā b. Nuṣayr , the eldest son of Mūsā b. Nuṣayr (d. 98/716–7), the governor of Ifrīqiya (79–95/698–714) and conqueror of al-Andalus, is first mentioned in the chronicles as commander of a contingent that came from Egypt to reinforce Mūsā’s troops in the year 83/70…

ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muʿāwiya (113–72/731–2–88) was the founder of the Umayyad dynasty in al-Andalus. He was born in Dayr Ḥunayn, near Damascus and came under the guardianship of his grandfather, the caliph Hishām b. ʿAbd al-Malik (d. 125/743), when his father died in 117/735 aged …

ʿAbd al-Malik b. Qaṭan al-Fihrī (d. 123/741) was a governor (wālī) of al-Andalus, during whose rule the Syrian jund s (troops) of Balj b. Bishr (124/742) entered the Iberian peninsula. In his youth, ʿAbd al-Malik took part in the battle of al-Ḥarra (63/683) on the side of Medina…

Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Ibrāhīm b. ʿĪsā b. Muzāḥim, called Ibn al-Qūṭiyya (d. 367/977), was a grammarian from Córdoba, best known for his Taʾrīkh iftitāḥ al-Andalus (“History of the conquest of al-Andalus”). Ibn al-Qūṭiyya was born in Córdoba on an unknown…

ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Marwān b. Yūnus al-Jillīqī (d. c.276/889), known as Ibn al-Jillīqī , was a rebel leader of the Lower March of al-Andalus (comprising present-day Extremadura in Spain and Alentejo in Portugal) who challenged the power of Umayyad Córdoba in the second half of the…

Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Khiḍr b. Hārūn al-Ghassānī (584–636/1188–1239), called Ibn ʿAskar , was a muftī and qāḍī of Málaga and the author of a biographical dictionary of important figures of that city. Ibn ʿAskar resided his entire life in Málaga, where his knowledge o…

Muḥammad b. Ayyūb al-Anṣārī Ibn Ghālib al-Gharnāṭī (fl. sixth/twelfth century) was an Andalusian historian, probably from Granada. He is known only as the author of the Farḥat al-anfus fī akhbār al-Andalus , a history of al-Andalus up to the Almoravid era (the title varies accor…

Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Umawī Aḥmad b. ʿAbdallāh b. Harthama b. Dhakwān b. ʿAbdallāh b. ʿAbdūs (342–413/953–1022), called Ibn Dhakwān , was qāḍī (judge) of Córdoba during the reign of Hishām II al-Muʾayyad (366–99/976–1009) and at the beginning of the fitna . He was born in Jumādā II 34…