Acre (Ar. ʿAkkā) is a port city on the southern Syrian coast, which is mentioned in the Bible (Judges 1:31). It was a major military port during Roman times; after the Muslim conquest, however, the importance of Acre diminished, as did that of the entire coast. In 1104 Acre fell…
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Abūqīr (also Abū Qīr) is a small fishing village within the Municipality of Alexandria, Egypt, and is famous for its beaches and nearby fortifications. Abūqīr is situated on a peninsula to the east of Alexandria, controlling access to the bay between this city and Rosetta (al-Ra…
Al-ʿAẓm was the most important and powerful clan in Damascus and Syria in the modern period. Between 1724 and 1810 its members held the governorship of Damascus for a total of sixty-two years, that of Tripoli for twenty-six, of Aleppo for twelve, and of Sidon for over thirty yea…