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"The Principle of Least Action originates in the idea that, if Nature has a purpose, it should follow a minimum or critical path. This simple principle (and its variants and generalizations) applies to optics, mechanics, electromagnetism, relativity and quantum mechanics, and pr…
Prehistory of variational principles -- An excursio to Newton's Principia -- The optical-mechanical analogy, Part I: D'Alembert, Lagrange, and the statics-dynamics analogy -- The optical mechanical analogy, Part II: the Hamilton-Jacobi equation -- Relativity and least action -- …
This text brings history and the key fields of physics together to present a unique technical discussion of the principles of least action.