Today, the population of Egypt is about 55 million living around the Nile delta and valley. This area is about 6% of the total area of Egypt which is 100,139,004 hectare. With its limited resources, the government has started a project for reclaiming the desert and giving it to …
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Arid and semi-arid countries are facing the exhaustion of their water resources and are being forced to use saline water (brackish groundwater and drainage water) for irrigated agriculture. The result is often disastrous as extensive productive regions become salinized. Neverthe…
A field study was conducted for two years in three semi-arid regions of Syria in order to define, under field conditions, the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield response function to irrigation water salinity and to study the process of soil salt accumulation. The three regions e…
The effects of natamycin, oxygen scavengers and a 25% CO2:75% N2 modified atmosphere on the growth of Penicillium roqueforti in shredded cheddar and mozzarella cheese stored at 10°C for 0, 60, 120, or 180 day was studied. Microbiological and sensory testing was assessed on 0, 7,…
Poor public sanitation is one of the principal problems of towns in developing countries. The situation is deteriorating steadily with rapidly advancing urbanization and the lack of adequate infrastructures for the collection and treatment of wastewater. As a result, water-borne…
The size and velocity characteristics of droplets in agricultural sprays generated from two flat fan nozzles were studied in a wind tunnel using a Phase-Doppler Particle Analyzer. A sheared cross flow pattern, having lower velocities near the wind tunnel floor and increasing vel…
A methodology is presented along with an expert system program for evaluating the impact of animal traction at the farm level in a small-scale multi-cropping system. In its actual version, the expert system program applies to oxen cultivation using Ndama species in the Basse Cas…
The performance of irrigation systems in many parts of the world is generally perceived to be poor compared to design intentions and investment expectations. Lack of good water management causes this. Data covering climatology, pedology, agriculture and management, commonly coll…
Agro-climatological study of four states in the Savannah Middle Belt of Nigeria have been carried using 62 stations. Daily rainfall data of these stations, with at least 10 years of record from 1916-1990, were obtained from the Climate Change Center of the Federal University of …
Scope and methods of study. (1) Scale effects on phosphorus (P) loss and runoff depth from pastures were investigated by summarizing water quality data from 19 research projects. Spatial (area) and temporal (days after litter application) scales ranged from 0.5 to 80000 m2 and 1…
Knowledge of the plant availability of P from manures is important for the proper management of poultry wastes. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of previous history of waste applications on the plant availability of poultry waste P. The first phase of t…
An extensive literature review and comparative analysis of heat and moisture production (HP, MP) of various poultry types (layers, broilers, and turkeys) and their housing systems indicated that total heat production (THP, W/kg) has increased over the years by about 15 to 44% (1…
The USDA-FSIS recently amended the regulations governing cooked meat and poultry products, creating a shift to lethality performance standards, and a need for inactivation models. Studies clearly show that many factors affect thermal inactivation of pathogens; however, water has…
The main objectives of this research were to: (1) Estimate plant growth parameters for GRASIM using numerical optimization procedures while enforcing plant physiological constraints; (2) Simulate the competition between coexisting forage species for light, water and nutrients an…
Groundwater contamination has many sources, the routine agricultural application of fertilizers and pesticides are recognized as significant sources. This field study was initiated and designed to evaluate if there were differences among different irrigation technologies on wate…
A predictive model for moist-air impingement cooking of ground-and-formed meat and poultry products was developed. A coupled heat and mass transfer model incorporating the effects of fat transfer was combined with a model for Salmonella inactivation, to produce a complete predic…
Weak organic acids and/or their salts were tested as soil washing or flushing agents for the ex- or in-situ remediation of soils polluted by heavy metals. Three soils naturally with heavy metals were used for the tea. The three soils were characterized as a clay loam, loam and s…
Major meat quality problems of three species are addressed. Fiber optics, electrical conductance, and image analysis were employed in the evaluation or prediction. (1) Evaluation of longissimus dorsi marbling in intact pork (n = 37) and beef (n = 10) carcasses with a fiber optic…
Quality defects in fresh fruits and vegetables have adverse effects on the market value of the products. Increased consumer awareness of product quality has made the marketing of fresh fruits and vegetables so competitive that maintaining high quality is essential to economic su…