Aramaic was one of the most widely used languages of the ancient Near East. Although most of the Dead Sea Scrolls from Qumran are written in Hebrew, a small number use a variety of Aramaic. All of Qumran Aramaic (QA) has reached published form, though a few minor manuscripts hav…
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Functioning as a verb, adverb, adjective, or noun, the infinitive absolute serves as an element of Biblical Hebrew grammar for which no analogous component exists in modern Indo-European languages such as English. The most frequent employment of the infinitive absolute is in "pa…
This dissertation consists of the first complete critical edition of the hexaplaric fragments of Numbers 1-18 from all known Hebrew, Greek, Aramaic, Syriac, and Latin sources since the publication of Frederick Field's Origenis Hexaplorum quae supersunt sive veterum interpretum g…
In this dissertation, I explore the 2nd century C.E. reality through the writings of Lucian of Samosata, a native Syrian who wrote in Greek and was a Roman citizen. Lucian wrote a large volume of works that cannot be filed under one specific genre, including Satires, admonitory …
This dissertation examines the KRT text, three clay tablets, from Ras Shamra/Ugarit in the second millennium B.C. and provides a paleographic overview of the scribal patterns. Surveying previous publications related to the KRT text, the study concludes that the collative and tra…
This dissertation analyzes two derived Biblical Hebrew verbal forms, the Niphal and the Hitpael. Present scholarship on Biblical Hebrew does not agree on the definition or relationship of these two stems. In chapter 1 I outline the two major problems for the Niphal and Hitpael: …
This dissertation investigates depictions of divine and human radiance in the Hebrew Bible and in Northwest Semitic and Mesopotamian literatures. It focuses specifically on the meanings of the following Akkadian terms: melammu; puluhtu; rašubbatu; namurratu; namrirrū; and šalumm…
The Friedrich Schiller University in Jena, Germany, houses a collection of ca. 2000 papyri from Egypt inscribed in several different languages, principally Greek. In this dissertation, I edit thirty-four previously unpublished Greek documents, offering for each papyrus a transcr…
In the scope of this study, we argue that there is a condition within the structure of the verbal system of classical Hebrew (hereafter, CH), interstitiality (i.e., gappiness), which broadens the functional role of the hitpa'el . In this work, interstitiality refers to the absen…
This study treats the historical and administrative geography of the regions of southwestern Iran around the Achaemenid Persian palace complex at Persepolis during the fifth century BC. It relies on the evidence of two groups of administrative documents excavated at Persepolis b…
The liturgical elements in the literature of early Jewish mysticism are examined through a form-critical study of the text known as Ma'aseh Merkavah. This text was published by Gershom Scholem in Jewish Gnosticism, Merkavah Mysticism, and Talmudic Tradition and by Peter Schafer …
This dissertation is designed to trace the influence of Ephrem the Syrian on the Greek-speaking Christianity through the corpus of the Greek Ephrem. Despite Hemmerdinger-Iliadou's extensive study and Géerard's classification (CPG), studies of the Greek Ephrem has been meager. Th…
Among the translations of the Hebrew Bible which have appeared in the United States in the last half-century are three modern Jewish versions, each representing a distinctly different approach to translating, which are the subjects of this evaluation: Tanakh The Holy Scriptures:…
The starting point for this dissertation is the observation that Second Temple literature reflects a great interest in prayer. In contrast to pre-exilic and exilic literature, characters in Second Temple narratives are more frequently depicted as praying. There is also a prolife…
This thesis is an attempt to contribute to the study of Aramaic epistolography in the Persian period through a detailed analysis of the Hermopolis Letters, the Padua Papyrus, the Berlin 23000, and six selected ostracon letters. The text, translation and full-scale commentary of …
Scholars have heretofore noted only in passing selected instances in which the Persians of Herodotus' Histories do not act in accordance with the Persian nomoi, or customs, which Herodotus reports. In this dissertation, I argue that the discrepancy between Persian action and nom…
This dissertation attempts to identify the influence of the Old Persian language on the Biblical Aramaic of Daniel. After an introduction to the topic, four possible calques (loan translations) were examined and rated. The first involved the common narrative concatenators be'day…
In this work the three oldest translations of the Gospels into Syriac are minutely compared in five passages, one from each Gospel and one common to the Synoptics, in order to ascertain their translation methods and linguistic differences. In the conclusion guidelines are set fo…
The present study deals with three MSS in Khotanese, a Middle Iranian language, found in Tun-huang, Chinese Turkestan. They are: P2786 (250 lines) preserved at the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris, Or8212.186 (80 lines) and part of Or8212.162 (45 lines), both preserved at the Bri…