Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) or wet torrefaction is a pretreatment process for lignocellulosic biomass where the biomass is treated with hot compressed water. The solid product of HTC is HTC biochar, which is friable, hydrophobic, and increased in mass and energy densificati…
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Developing nations require improved sanitation technology implementations to reach Millennium Development Goal 7-C. Unfortunately, to date, the goal does not look attainable by the 2015 deadline—2.5 billion lake access to improved sanitation. Pathogen resistance to disinfection …
Varieties of cooling methods have been used to protect hot sections in modern gas turbine engines so as to allow a higher inlet temperature for increasing turbine efficiency. One such method is to route the air through passages roughened with ribs (turbulators) within the airfoi…
We show that the regularity of the gravitational metric tensor cannot be lifted from C0,1 to C1,1 by any C 1,1 coordinate transformation in a neighborhood of a point of shock wave interaction in General Relativity, without forcing the determinant of the metric tensor to vanish a…
Heavy Oil Recovery is gaining much popularity because of huge consumption of oil in the modern industry. Main concern in the extraction of heavy oil is its high viscosity. Heating heavy oil by different electrical means has come out to be a promising solution for viscosity reduc…
I performed a systematic study on Co/Sb superlattices varying Antimony (Sb) thickness keeping Cobalt (Co) thickness constant at 1 nm. Here I studied the decay of resistivity of those samples. To make those samples I deposited 10 bilayers of Co and Sb at 500° C on <100> face of s…
Reliability assessment methods allow the evaluation of the reliability of systems and provide important information on how to improve a system.s life to reduce risk and hazards. With the advancement in technology, the existing methods were extended and new methods were adopted. …
The concept of hybrid steel frame system is presented in which mixtures of fully-rigid and semi-rigid steel connections are used in the 3-, 9- and 20-story SAC frames. Several different patterns and locations of semi-rigid connection replacements within the frame are examined in…
A smart pitch control strategy for a variable speed doubly fed wind generation system is presented in this thesis. A complete dynamic model of DFIG system is developed. The model consists of the generator, wind turbine, aerodynamic and the converter system. The strategy proposed…
An antenna radiates when a time rate of change of signal arrives at the structure from a generator, after travelling through a transmitting medium. THz radiation in a photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSS) follows the same principles. Here the signal is produced by the ph…
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) technology is currently a topic of great interest for potentially low cost solar energy conversion and possibility of many novel PV applications (e.g., building-integrated PV, portable solar cells). Successful commercialization of this technology, howe…
By clustering one seeks to partition a given set of points into a number of clusters such that points in the same cluster are similar and are dissimilar to points in other clusters. In the virtue of this goal, data of relational nature become typical for clustering. The similari…
Vehicle classification is one of the active research topic in Intelligent Transport System. This project proposes an approach to classify the vehicles on freeway with respect to the size of the vehicle. This vehicle classification is based on threshold based algorithm. This syst…
A new type of delta-sigma modulator which operates in reverse hysteresis (proteresis) mode is proposed. In this mode, it brings in attractive advantages for reduced feedback delay and ultra high speed optical implementations. We have investigated the switching periods of the hys…
This work presents the development of the Context-Aware Hybrid Data Dissemination protocol for vehicular networks. The importance of developing vehicular networking data dissemination protocols is exemplified by the recent announcement by the U.S. Department of Transportation (D…
The convexity of an optimization problem is an important property that guarantees the global and local minima are identical. Thus, formulating system identification problems as convex optimizations may drastically simplify their solution, for example, by eliminating the need to …
In this thesis, first an introduction about Polarization maintaining fibers (PMF) and the alignment in PMF are discussed. Later, the polarization of light and methods for representing polarization state are reviewed along with some of their measurable properties and classificati…
Adsorption is a well-established unit operation in chemical process industries utilizing variety of adsorbents having varied adsorption characteristics. The present work attempts to utilize date palms pits as a suitable precursor for preparation of porous carbons with phosphoric…
The thesis emphasizes on building an intuitive and robust GIS(Geographic Information systems) tool which gives an insight into the colonial era of India, including the advent of independence. The GIS tool incorporates various European colonies and their territories on the ancien…