Historical and contemporary environmental conditions affect the distribution of aquatic species. The following three chapters seek to assess the degree to which conditions have impacted current distribution and population structure of fishes and mussels. The first chapter assess…
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Most studies which have addressed the chemoreception capabilities of marine species have focused on either coral reef fishes or salmonids. Very little literature exists addressing these mechanisms in temperate fish species despite many of these populations being in decline due t…
Stream connectivity is necessary for the persistence and viability of migratory fish populations. However, many of the world’s river contain dams, creating barriers or obstacles that can impede movement. Fishways have been constructed to provide passage for migratory fishes, but…
A recent marine heatwave in the Gulf of Alaska caused depressed growth, poor body condition, and low survival in many fish species, but juvenile sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) thrived. These fast-growing piscivores are the target of a valuable commercial fishery in Alaska as adu…
Blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus is an invasive species of great concern in coastal habitats throughout the eastern United States, inclulding the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. In this dissertation, I use field surveys, laboratory experiments and quantitative modeling to pro…
Scallops were the third most valuable wild-caught marine animals in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, with a first-sale value of £69.7 million. Despite the high relative and absolute economic value of scallop fisheries in the UK, the majority are not managed based on quantitative…
Where fishes are found, and in what temporal patterns and under which physical conditions, are basic questions of biology and management. Salmonid species occupy distinct habitats across their life stages, usually reproduce only once, and are subject to intense anthropogenic pre…
Effective measures for the conservation of biodiversity require an understanding of the extent and distribution of diversity within and among species. Studies focussed on providing such understanding can benefit from increasingly powerful and accessible genome-wide data. Overexp…
One of the single most extraordinary examples of host-parasite co-evolution is shown by the isopod family Cymothoidae, of which all species are obligate parasites of fishes, including many commercially important fish species. Cymothoids are one of the most diverse isopod groups,…
Determining how diversity is generated and maintained in ecological communities is a central goal of community ecology and conservation. Ecologists have long aimed to explain the processes responsible for the assembly of communities and although many hypotheses have been propose…
Here we demonstrate the utility of a zebrafish-based model of nociception to serve as a novel screening tool for analgesic drugs. Zebrafish swimming behavior was measured following administration of various algogens used in rodent research. All compounds reduce distance traveled…
"ICe in the Ocean examines sea ice and icebergs and their role in the global climate system. It is comprehensive textbook suitablefor students, pure and applied researchers, and anyone interested in the polar oceans; the distribution of sea ice; the mechanisms of growth, develop…
« Understanding the Oceans brings together an internationally distinguished group of authors to consider the enormous advances in marine science that have been achieved since the voyages of HMS Challenger a century ago. The whole book draws inspiration from the seminal contribut…
Echinoidea constitutes one of five major clades of living echinoderms, marine animals uniquely characterized by a pentaradial symmetry. Approximately 1,000 living and 10,000 extinct species have been described, including many commonly known as sea urchins, heart urchins and sand…
In order to properly assess current ecological conditions, we need long-term ecological data. Historical ecology focuses on that long term, including the need to synthesize data from diverse sources. In the Long Island Sound, the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmenta…
Global climate change has had a substantial impact on marine biogeography and many species have experienced large spatial redistributions. While many approaches to understanding these changes focus on thermal habitat, theory from physiology and ecology suggest that oxygen and pr…
The Gulf of Maine/Bay of Fundy have documented increases in heavy metal pollutants. Whether species from distinctive water column zones (epipelagic, mesopelagic, demersal) are differently accumulating heavy metals and experiencing negative impacts on their physiology was the foc…