Campylobacter species are one of leading causes of foodborne disease in the United States. Studies that investigate arsenic resistance in the foodborne bacterium Campylobacter jejuni are limited and none are available for Campylobacter coli. The main objective of this study was …
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The geochemistry of naturally occurring arsenic (As) has been investigated in the surface waters and ground waters of the shallow alluvial aquifers of the Humboldt River Basin (HRB) in northern Nevada using laboratory experiments, geochemical reaction path modeling, and statisti…
Arsenic contamination in drinking water has been a significant problem in many developing countries for years. Detecting arsenic at trace levels has seen myriad different procedures and methodologies; one of the problems not addressed in-depth is the development of a robust fiel…
it was proposed that antagonistic effects noted between selenium and arsenic might be leveraged through the dispensation of selenium dietary supplements in arsenic-afflicted regions. (A full discussion of arsenic toxicity, selenium in human health, and prior knowledge of seleniu…
Children in Bangladesh continue to experience high mortality rates from acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) despite ongoing treatment programs. Exposure to inorganic arsenic from contaminated drinking water is also a serious health threat there and studies have suggested t…
Millions of villagers in Bangladesh drink water which exceeds the Bangladesh arsenic (As) standard of 50 micrograms per liter. Exposure to elevated levels of inorganic As (As) is associated with cancers of the skin, bladder, and lung, developmental effects, cardiovascular diseas…
This research work was dedicated to the problem arising from the coexistence of arsenic and organic substances principally in the US (the Superfund Sites) and Bangladesh. Dissolved organic ions are strong competitors to arsenates, and because of their large size and slow kinetic…
This dissertation looks at the socio-ecological implications of a drinking water crisis in Bangladesh, within the context of broader development processes, with particular attention to gendered and classed differences in how people cope with, respond to and adapt to changing wat…
Arsenic, with its demonstrated cancerous and noncancerous effects, poses a tremendous health risk to human populations worldwide. In Bangladesh alone, 35 million people are currently exposed to high concentrations (greater than 50 μg/L) of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in drinking wat…
Natural arsenic contamination of groundwater in Southeast Asia has caused the largest mass poisoning in history: nearly 100 million people routinely drink well water with hazardous arsenic concentrations. The mechanism for arsenic release to the aqueous phase, the subsequent res…
Arsenic contamination of fresh water resources and the associated health risks have created mounting pressure on water agencies to find cost-effective arsenic removal technologies. Arsenic concentration in drinking water is limited to 10 μg/L by the World Health Organization, He…
Introduction. Chronic arsenic (As) exposure currently affects more than 100 million people worldwide. The studies reported in this dissertation focus primarily on determining if arsenic (As) exposure is associated with genomic DNA methylation and if this association is modified …
Biological and epidemiological evidence supports a role for high-chronic arsenic exposure in diabetes and atherosclerosis development. At low-chronic exposure the role is unknown. The objective of this dissertation was to investigate the association of arsenic with diabetes and …
Effects of silicate, phosphate, sulfate, and carbonate on removal of arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)] by coprecipitation with ferric chloride were studied in simple KNO3 solution and in Bangladesh groundwater. Silicate significantly decreased As(III) removal when the sili…
The formation of Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxide precipitates from Fe(II) oxidation and/or Fe(III) hydrolysis is a key process that often governs the fate and bioavailability of contaminants and nutrients in natural and engineered systems. Electrocoagulation (EC) using Fe(0) electrodes i…
This dissertation examines the potential of information-provision in motivating behavior that reduces human exposure to arsenic in drinking-water in Bangladesh. In chapter 2, the longer-term effects of the countrywide arsenic-testing and information-program are examined by track…
A pilot-scale constructed wetland treatment system (CWTS) was designed and built to produce biogeochemical conditions that promoted targeted processes for removal of arsenic from simulated groundwater. Two series were designed to promote co-precipitation and sorption of arsenic …
Arsenic contamination of drinking water sources threatens the health of over 50 million people around the world. Sustainable implementation of arsenic removal technologies requires disposal options for produced wastes that limit the release of arsenic. Arsenic contamination is p…
Arsenic (As) is a well-known human carcinogen. However, it is a poor mutagen, as such it has been proposed that its carcinogenicity may stem from its ability to interfere with or impair epigenetic machinery. For my dissertation work I investigated the effect of arsenic exposure …