Carbonaceous aerosols are critical, short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs) that play complex roles in the climate system through their interaction with solar radiation, cloud nucleation, and are also a major contributor to air pollution. Globally and within the Arctic, changing aer…
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This thesis utilizes UV-visible spectroscopy to develop new datasets, study Arctic and urban atmospheric composition, and validate satellite data products. The primary instruments used here (the Ground-Based Spectrometers, or GBSs) have been taking measurements at the Polar Envi…
Spectroscopy of transiting exoplanets has revealed a wealth of information about their atmospheric compositions and thermal structures. In particular, studies of highly irradiated exoplanets at temperatures much higher than those found in our solar system have provided detailed …
Carbon Monoxide (CO) is an important atmospheric trace gas that affects the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere by being a major sink of the hydroxyl radical. Ice cores may preserve a record of past atmospheric CO for analysis and interpretation; therefore, a new analytical sys…
Earth’s climatic history is something of great importance to our current society as we look to the future; in order to predict what climatic changes may happen in the future, it is important to gain a deep understanding of what has occurred in the past. Paleoclimate proxies and …
A combination of assessment, operational forecast, and future perspective was thoroughly explored to provide an overview of the existing air quality problems in Macao. The levels of air pollution in Macao often exceed those recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). In …
Over the last few decades, new technologies in the form of observational satellites, measurement instruments, and model simulations have enabled the scientific community to make substantial strides to understand the drivers, mechanics, and impacts of climate change. This dissert…
The dispersion of pollutants originating from common sources in an urban environment were modeled. Modeling analyses were developed using AERMOD to evaluate PM2.5 emissions from a fireworks event, PM10 and NH3 from urban traffic infrastructure and H2S from a local water reclamat…
Sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), nitrate radical (NO3 ), and nitrous acid (HONO) play important roles in the atmosphere. SO2 is associated with the combustion of fossil fuels and contributes to acidification of the ecosystem, particulate sulfate formation and SO2 is an EPA regulated speci…
Many urban and industrial areas suffer from high levels of coarse particulate matter (PM10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). In order to evaluate the health impacts of particulate matter and develop effective pollutant abatement strategies, one needs to know the source contr…
This study examines the impact of anomalous differential generation of available potential energy by absorbing aerosols on the transition and early active phases of the south Asian summer monsoon. Aerosol direct and indirect effects represent radiative forcings which can modify …
Isoprene emissions affect human health, air quality, and the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. Globally anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) emissions are lower than that of isoprene, but local hotspots are hazardous to human health and air quality. I…
Introduction: Association between ambient air pollution and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been demonstrated by many epidemiological studies in developed countries, however few studies have been performed in developing countries of Asia. Objective: In this study, we evaluated…
Mineral dust represents one of the largest mass fractions of the global aerosols. Iron oxide and titanium dioxide are components of mineral dust that are found in appreciable amounts. Ammonia from livestock, agriculture, industry, and waste treatment sources is an important air …
The spatiotemporal variability of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentration is investigated over the extended domain of the North African continent and Mediterranean which is an essential step for better understanding of aerosol-cloud interactions and associated clima…
This dissertation applies a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) together with ground-based, aircraft, and satellite observations to quantify the sources, transport pathways, and chemical processing of tropospheric pollution in the Arctic. Asian anthropogenic emissions ar…
To improve the understanding of carbonaceous aerosol sources, methods for source apportionment were developed, applied, and assessed in diverse atmospheres worldwide. Locations of study ranged from polluted megacities to rural locations in South Asia, central Mexico, and the Uni…
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA), formed from in-air oxidation of volatile organic compounds, greatly affects human health and climate. Although substantial research has been devoted to SOA formation and evolution, the modeled and lab-generated SOA are still low in mass and degre…
An ensemble of regional chemical modeling (WRF/Chem with RADM2) simulations, satellite, ozonesonde, and surface observations during July 7-11, 2007 was used to examine the horizontal and vertical signature of one of the worst smog events in the eastern U.S. in the past decade. T…