This thesis utilizes UV-visible spectroscopy to develop new datasets, study Arctic and urban atmospheric composition, and validate satellite data products. The primary instruments used here (the Ground-Based Spectrometers, or GBSs) have been taking measurements at the Polar Envi…
This thesis is constructed around two distinct topics. The first is the formation history of the Earth and the Moon. The hafnium/tungsten (Hf/W) isotopic system can act as a chronometer for planets forming in the early solar system. To study possible planetary formation scenario…
Carbon Monoxide (CO) is an important atmospheric trace gas that affects the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere by being a major sink of the hydroxyl radical. Ice cores may preserve a record of past atmospheric CO for analysis and interpretation; therefore, a new analytical sys…
Freezing rain is a winter weather phenomenon that is both particularly dangerous and difficult to predict. This forecast challenge arises because freezing rain requires the maintenance of a narrow range of temperature profiles, with warm air aloft and cold air at the surface. Th…
Most of the baryons, or “normal" matter, found in galaxies and galaxy clusters are found in the hot, X-ray emitting gas known as the circumgalactic medium (CGM) or intracluster medium (ICM). The hot gas traces the gravitational potential well and is affected by both thermal and …
With the upcoming launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the first light of thirty-meter class ground based telescopes in the 2020s, and plans in the works for a next-generation space-based telescope designed from the outset to probe exoplanet habitability and biosigna…
The need for a better understanding of wildfires and how the atmosphere affects them provided the motivation for this work. The November 2018 Camp Fire quickly became the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in California history. In chapter 1, we investigate the contribution…
Metal abundance measurements throughout the cosmic ages track the history of galaxy formation and evolution. Measuring abundances during the first ~1 billion years is especially important, as they are influenced by the nucleosynthetic signatures from the early stars. Evolution o…
Introduction: The incidence rates of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and cutaneous malignant melanoma are rapidly increasing. While inhaled particulate matter (PM) has been classified as a lung carcinogen, the associations between ambient PM (either PM2.5 and PM10) and skin canc…
Sea spray aerosol (SSA) play a significant role in the local climatology of coastal areas by acting as giant cloud condensation nuclei (GCCN), which can accelerate warm rain initiation due to their hygroscopicity. However, there is great uncertainty in SSA size and quantity in t…
This book elaborates on the physical principles of polarization remote sensing. It explains the reflective characteristics of surface objects and atmosphere separately, including theory, experiment, instrument and application. In addition, it introduces how polarization remote s…
This book focuses on geochemical behavior and ancient records of the specific biomarker levoglucosan in Tibetan glaciers, Based on samples from the Zangsegangri (ZSGR) ice cores obtained from the central Tibetan Plateau, it presents annually resolved levoglucosan records and fir…
Atmospheric rivers
This volume synthesizes 16 years of geological and geophysical studies that document an 85-km-wide impact crater buried 500 m beneath Chesapeake Bay in southeastern Virginia, USA. The authors integrate extensive seismic reflection profiling and deep core drilling to analyze the …
This master thesis addresses a large-scale biogeographical question, the distribution and evolutionary history of a marine species complex with a vast distribution in the northern hemisphere. This complex includes two intertidal brown macroalgae, Fucus spiralis and Fucus guiryi,…
A indústria da cordoaria é uma indústria antiga e que mantém o seu lugar no mercado devido à necessidade de produtos com características específicas em diversas indústrias. Este projeto nasceu da necessidade de modernização e melhoria de desempenho por parte desta indústria, ond…
A cultura assume um papel determinante na vida de uma comunidade, contribuindo para a formação da sua identidade. O município de Vila Franca de Xira tem vindo a mostrar uma preocupação crescente em apostar em iniciativas não só de preservação do patrimônio histórico material e i…
Os sistemas de transporte com correias são frequentemente utilizados em várias indústrias como parte essencial nas suas operações. O seu funcionamento simplificado, aliado à sua eficiência, entre outras vantagens, fazem das correias transportadoras uma escolha muito apreciada na…