Coral reefs are degrading under global stressors that are increasing in frequency and severity as the Anthropocene accelerates. My thesis contributes to our scientific understanding of the dynamics that govern degraded coral reef states. More specifically, I contribute to our un…
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The herbicide atrazine is one of the most commonly applied herbicides used worldwide, despite being shown to disrupt reproductive development in some animals. Atrazine is used for agriculture in Hawai‘i and potentially threatens marine organisms after it enters the ocean through…
Tropical coastal resources including coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass beds are some of the most productive ecosystems in the World. They support a variety of goods and services that may often form the backbone of the local community. In many cases they provide the main source…
Tropical coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems of the world but facing increasing threats to their health. Over the last thirty years, many Caribbean coral reefs have undergone dramatic changes and experienced large losses in coral cover, due to direct and indirect a…
The last deglacial history of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS), the world’s largest freshwater reservoir, is important for monitoring the current AIS change and projecting the future sea-level rise trend. However, due to the lack of direct observational constraints on AIS last degl…
The Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) declared Ras Mohamed National Park the first Marine Protected Area (MPA) in Egypt in 1983 to conserve the Gulf of Aqaba coral reef ecosystem, sustain artisanal fisheries and encourage tourism activities in this region. The Europea…
Indonesia is a center of marine biodiversity and its coral reef ecosystems are some of the most threatened worldwide. To help address questions related to the ecology and conservation of these important reefs, I applied a population genetic approach to understand the connectivit…
The Coral Triangle is an area with high marine biodiversity that encompasses four Asian (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Timor Leste) and two Melanesian (Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea) countries. The Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Secur…
Land-based pollution has dramatic effects on coral species diversity, live coral cover, morphological composition of the coral fauna, coral growth rates, coral bioerosion intensity, and reef carbonate budgets. Pollution damage is measured in surveys of eight Java Sea reefs and e…
Coral reefs are bioherms whose structure comprises a dynamic mixture of geologically inherited and environmentally forced morphologies. The major debate of coral reef history is over the relative importance of antecedent, erosional and recent, constructional processes in control…