Consumers have increasing choice in food products and within the social environment of today's consumer, the factors of demand are increasingly complex. Food is no longer simply a primary necessity for survival, it is a leisure and family activity, the participation in which, ta…
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Traditionally, fish oil (FO) has been used extensively in aquafeeds. The stagnation in global fish oil production coupled with an increased demand for its use in aquaculture feeds, especially salmonid feeds, has greatly inflated fish oil prices. Therefore, in order to sustain th…
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterised by deficits in language, behaviour and memory. Increasing evidence suggests that mid-life obesity and a diet high in fat are risk factors for AD. In contrast, life-threatening weight loss occurs …
There is significant research evidence to demonstrate that physical activity can produce weight loss, weight maintenance and positive health effects in the overweight and obese. However, it can be difficult to get this population sufficiently active to achieve these benefits. Th…
The diet of Pleistocene cave bears (Ursus spelaeus, U. deningeri) is debated extensively. Traditionally, cave bears were thought to be herbivorous, but more recent studies have proposed that they were more omnivorous. To test this, their skull morphology and that of their confam…
The increasing evidence of associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep duration and diet and both immediate and long term health implications is of public health concern. There is a need to further our understanding of the patterns of these behaviours and …
Obesity is a million-dollar health problem in the United States today. Over 1.5 billion Americans have been diagnosed with obesity. Over 43 million children have been diagnosed with childhood obesity. Being overweight or obese was not always a problem in the US, in the 17-1800's…
Taste impacts the palatability and intake of food, which is influenced by several factors such as cultural and genetic factors. Individual variations in taste perception may be important risk factors for poor eating habits and development of obesity. The differences in taste per…
How animals adapt to environmental stress has long been of concern. Studies looking at effects of resource limitation often focus on food. However, water is also essential for life and can be limited in the environment. Despite this, little is known about how water availability …
Ishrana je jedan od osnovnih životnih procesa koji životinjama obezbeđuje energiju i hranljive materije za rast i normalno funkcionisanje organizma. Optimalnost ishrane umnogome zavisi od dostupnosti hranidbenih resursa. Ovo je naročito važno za hibernatore, kojima preživljavanj…
Celiac disease is a small intestinal immune-mediated enteropathy precipitated by exposure to gluten, a protein complex in the cereals wheat, barley and rye, in genetically susceptible people. Once considered an uncommon disorder restricted to children of European descent, it is …
Pogonomyrmex badius is understood as an ecosystem engineer due to its alteration of soil chemistry, seed dispersal, and seed predation. Because of its impressive role in the environment, life history traits of P. badius have been well studied. One trait that has yet to be studie…
Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as “diabetes,” is characterized as elevated blood glucose levels resulting from the body’s inability to produce insulin or cells’ compromised sensitivity to insulin. Type 2 diabetes is a compromised sensitivity to insulin or insulin resist…
Sloths are a curious group with a rich fossil history but enigmatic ecology. Proxy techniques like stable isotope analysis (SIA) can provide insight into the dietary ecology of extinct and extant sloths, but both groups present challenges to its application. My approach here is …
Brief periods of starvation are a common stressor that most animals encounter in the wild and must be able to survive in order to maximize their fitness. Starvation resistance of the adult fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is thought to be primarily conferred by adult fat stor…
Since 2000, there has been a marked decline in the number of harbour seals in some regions around Britain; one possible contributing cause is competition for prey with sympatric grey seals. To explore one important aspect of this interaction, in this thesis the diet of harbour s…
Since the beginning of farming, and even before, humans have been actively modifying our environment in order to harvest biomass. With the ‘Great Acceleration’ of the industrial age, the global system of biomass harvest for food production has become a major driver of Earth syst…
The educational system in the past has defined learning as the mere internalization of external knowledge (Iran-Nejad, 1990, 1994). This narrow concept of learning has failed to lead to any widely accepted solutions for the problems the AD/HD child faces when trying to learn. Th…
With an occupation that lasted almost 2000 years (1100 BC-AD 930), the ancient Maya center of Ceibal, located in the Maya lowlands of Guatemala, offers an important opportunity to expand our understanding of how increasing political centralization and social inequality are refle…