EMISSIONS

The existing regional sustainable development measurement approaches have some limitations. (1) Regional sustainability performance is severely affected by the external environment (natural conditions, culture, religion, etc.) and the internal structure of the study region. (2) …

Royal Dutch Shell, plc (Shell, or RDS) is the largest integrated company in the Oil and Gas sector, in terms of assets. It operates globally, with regard to the geography in which it has interests, and integrates the entire value chain into its business model. With more than a c…

Wetlands contribute an estimated 25% of the global annual methane (CH4) emissions. However, delineation of the processes responsible for the large variations in emission rates found within and across wetland types has been challenging. Field measurements were collected in Franci…

Climate change poses a growing threat to freshwater ecosystems and water quality. This dissertation examines the relationship between changes in climate and two key water quality parameters: the transport of nitrogen within rivers, referred to as nitrogen loading, and river temp…

The current experimental study aims to examine the effects of using oxygenates as a replacement of lead additives in gasoline on performance and exhaust emissions of a typical SI engine. The tested oxygenates are MTBE, methanol, and ethanol. These oxygenates were blended with a …

The building and construction industry is the third-largest producer of CO2 in Canada. Additionally, emissions from this industry are expected to go up by more than nine megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (Mt CO2 eq) by the year 2030. As such, we need to find ways to reduce…

The target of this study was the investigation of biofuel and/or biochemical production from microalgae in growth medium or its lipids over heterogenous catalyst. The primary aim was to study the conversion of 6 wt. % N. Oculata into biofuels without harvesting and dewatering ov…

Globally over 3 billion people use solid fuel cookstoves to meet household energy demand. Cookstove emissions lead to household and ambient air pollution, with adverse health and climate impacts. To reduce these harmful impacts, alternative cookstove technologies have been devel…

Even though climate change is one of the most important problems humanity is facing in recent years, states fail to take necessary measures and fulfil their obligations to protect their citizens against the threats caused by climate change. The European Union, however, can be ex…