Reactive iron mineral coatings in redox transition zones play an important role in contaminant attenuation. These mineral coatings include poorly crystalline to crystalline iron sulfides, carbonates, and oxyhydroxides, and are a signature of the biogeochemical processes occurrin…
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Changes in Lake Michigan bluff recession rates over time were evaluated by comparing rates derived from a study done in the 1970s (Buckler 1981) to modern rates (since the 1970s) generated by data collection for this thesis. A subset of the 118 original sites were mapped, totali…
Studies of radionuclide concentrations in Pond B, an 82 hectare abandoned reactor cooling pond at the Savannah River Site in Aiken, South Carolina, have shown the accumulation of cesium –1 37 ( 137 Cs) in the surface layers of sediments sampled from random locations within the p…
The Strawberry Rhyolites constitute a significant rhyolite field among the largest in Oregon. Aerial coverage of approximately 386 km2 and an overall estimated volume of ~67 km3 using a median thickness for each unit. On the other hand, the total volume could be greater than 100…
Karst landscapes, in which dissolution of bedrock is the dominant geomorphic process, make up 10%-20% of Earth’s land surfaces and supply between 20%-25% of the global population with drinking water. Dissolution dominates the genesis of karst systems, creating flow pathways, con…
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are vital to the normal functioning of the immune system in the human body. However, when a foreign material enters the system the highly regulated balance between pro- and anti-oxidants can be disrupted, especially if the material itself can genera…
The successful implementation of geologic carbon sequestration depends on the careful evaluation of the petrophysical characteristics of the storage reservoir. Two petrophysical properties, porosity and permeability, constrain the reservoir in terms of its storage potential and …
Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, developed countries can meet greenhouse gas emissions reduction commitments by funding carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects in developing countries. Data from published sources were used to identify the five m…
This study was designed to explain natural seeps of hydrogen gas. Ordinarily H2 occurrences are regarded to be product of the process of serpentinization. However other sources or explanation may exist for the natural hydrogen gas seeps. For example Zhang et al. (2005) concluded…
A study of the paralic Agbada lithofacies has been undertaken to re-assess the Neogene palynological stratigraphy and sedimentation history of the eastern Niger Delta. The sediments examined are from five onshore boreholes including the Ama-1, Ibewa-3, Erema-3, Ihugbogo-1 and Yo…
In the recent past, the Mesopotamia region has been rich in all forms of biological diversity, characterized by a fertile living environment and natural habitats full of rare birds, wild animals, aquatic animals, and diverse plants. Its natural abundance and geographical locatio…
Dendrochemistry has proven success in reconstructing climate histories, mapping environmental change and pollution events, and dating volcanic eruptions. However, there are questions about element mobility within tree rings (translocation) and how this mobility can vary as a fun…
The modern Cascades are a north-south striking mountain range that intercepts Pacific Ocean-derived moisture resulting in orographic precipitation on the western flank and a relatively arid rain shadow in the lee. Because of the strong coupling between topography and climate and…
Blood Falls forms when iron-rich, hypersaline, subglacially-sourced brine flows from a crack in the surface of Taylor Glacier, Antarctica. If air temperatures are low enough, the brine freezes to form a fan-shaped icing deposit. In chapter two, historical observations (including…
Organic matter stored in wetlands constitutes a globally significant terrestrial carbon pool interacting with atmospheric carbon via unique ecological processes that release CH4 but take in CO2. Efforts are ongoing to quantify the role of wetlands in terrestrial-atmosphere carbo…
Hurricanes have affected the waters of the east coast of the United States throughout the region’s history. These storms cause changes in water quality through mechanisms such as damage to infrastructure, excessive precipitation, and storm surges. We attempt to conduct a regiona…