Freemasonry

The purpose of this study is to locate the “African” personality within the geographic and socio-religious domains of American society. Working on the assumption that, although Christian philosophy has traditionally exercised the greatest influences on the way blacks have constr…

This dissertation explores the role of Freemasonry in the development of modern India, by bolstering the British Empire in India, and by informing the Indian nationalist movement. Freemasonry was an ideal imperial “cult”: it did not require that one apostatize one's religion, ye…

Modern freemasonry emerged in Britain during the eighteenth century, combining earlier stonemason customs and methods of organization with the popular passion for clubs and societies. Although by no means unique in its ideology and constitution, freemasonry established itself af…