Food availability strongly affects avian breeding success. Conflicting results from food supplementation studies have obscured the role of food availability in shaping the life history trajectories of birds. With the popularity of providing food for wild birds increasing, the ef…
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Carbon emissions from road transport make up 20% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in the UK. Therefore, reducing carbon emissions from road transport is significant in reaching carbon reduction targets. In urban areas where signal controlled intersections are common, carbon…
A fragmented ecosystem contains communities of organisms that live in fragmented habitats. Understanding the way biological processes such as reproduction and dispersal over the fragmented habitats take place constitutes a major challenge in spatial ecology. In this thesis we di…
Ground level ozone is one of the six criteria primary pollutants that is monitored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Statistical methods are increasingly being used to model ground level ozone concentration data. This thesis is motivated by the need to perfor…
Although Holocene climate changes are significantly smaller in amplitude than the Pleistocene Glacial-Interglacial cycles (Dansgaard et al., 1993), they have affected human civilisations over at least the last 4000 years (Buntgen et al., 2011; Lamb, 1995; Mayewski & White, 2002)…
This research examined the impact which onshore windfarms sited on peat-based soils have on streamwater carbon (C), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) dynamics. Significant disturbance to peatland arises through the excavation of borrow pits, construction of access tracks, insertio…
The world is facing the challenge of global warming and environment protection. On the other hand, the demand of electricity is growing fast due to economic growth and increase in population. Since the growth in demand is also a heavy factor in energy equations, then the renewab…
The thesis understands biodiversity as a complex consisting of a form of environmentalism, a mode of governance for the global South, and a set of policy prescriptions all mobilized by the guiding idea of ‘genetic gold,’ the belief that biodiversity possesses significant latent …
Hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) is emerging as one of the most practical methods for the removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from light-duty-diesel engine exhaust gas. In order to further promote the chemical reactions of NOx-SCR by hydrocarbons, an understanding…
The use of maize (Zea mays) as a co-substrate with cattle slurry for the production of biogas was investigated in detail by running several long term digestion trials under different operational conditions in laboratory scale semi-continuous digesters. These conditions included …
Anthropogenic use of waterways is reducing connectivity at a rate faster than any time in geological history, sometimes causing serious declines in fish populations. Free passage of fish throughout the watercourse is necessary for species utilising different habitats for e.g. re…
Recent debates about environmental governance emphasize the roles of participation, evidence and deliberation. Authors have discussed how deliberative theory can deepen commitments to public participation in policy debates. Evidence, however, is often presented as neutral and ob…
This thesis describes the development and application of a laboratory system to investigate the loss of peroxy radicals to aerosol. The laboratory system consisted of an aerosol flow tube coupled to a custom-built PEroxy Radical Chemical Amplifier (PERCA). Aerosol was generated us…
During the early Palaeogene warm interval megathermal climatic regimes expanded beyond their current tropical limits. The early Palaeogene sporomorph (pollen and spore) record of the US Gulf Coastal Plain (GCP) documents an extra-tropical vegetation type that developed under the…
The unique properties which make cerium dioxide (ceria) nanoparticles (NPs) so useful in e.g. catalytic applications, pose a real risk to environmental systems and species alike. Increasing our knowledge of ceria NP characteristics in a range of aquatic systems was a contributin…
PhoN-type acid phosphatase from an atypical Serratia sp. was applied to the removal of radionuclides from aqueous flows. In the presence of metal ions the phosphatase produces metal phosphate at the cell surface via the liberation of inorganic phosphate from a phosphate donor (g…
In the 1960s, Seyyed Hossein Nasr was the first to articulate in contemporary language the vision of an Islamic environmentalism. Ever since, in a number of articles and interviews Nasr has elaborated his vision further. As the ultimate solution to the environmental crisis, he h…
Following the 2004 tsunami in Sumatra, Sri Lanka experienced >30,000 confirmed deaths and disruption of livelihood. Damage to coastal ecosystems was less than anticipated, especially in comparison with reported impacts from unsustainable development. This research examines tsuna…
The last two decades have seen an evolution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) capabilities in the public sector which facilitates the adoption of several IT innovations. Electronic government is one of these strategic innovations that many government agencies hav…