One of the main causes of bridge failure is scour at the abutments or piers. Scour is caused by increased velocities of water through bridge openings. Sediment is carried away from the foundations by high flows causing the bridge to become unstable and possibly collapse. Bottoml…
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Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) is used as a common input to calculate evaporative demand in hydrological, ecological and biological modeling. Dynamic and distributed measurement of PET is important for improved hydrologic predictions at the watershed scale since PET varies w…
The planform geometry of tidal channels is controlled by bidirectional flow, a fundamentally different process from that controlling the shape of meandering river channels. However, prior studies do not reach any consensus on how channel planforms differ in these two environment…
The research conducted under this thesis explores the interactions between recharge, groundwater flow and geochemical processes to understand the distribution of As concentrations in the shallow (<20 m deep) aquifers of Bangladesh. All the field work was carried out in Araihazar…
A reliable estimate of evapotranspiration (ET) in river basins is important for the purpose of water resources planning and management. ET represents a significant portion of rainfall in the water budget; therefore, the uncertainty in estimating ET can lead to the inaccurate pre…
Amargosa Desert, Nevada regional groundwater studies show that the surface runoff infiltration occurring in the arroyos following runoff producing storms, and this infiltration is considered to be a major source of groundwater recharge. Groundwater infiltration through alluvium …
Development stages of the Erbil Basin are poorly understood and the sustainable use of groundwater in the basin is uncertain. This study characterizes water sustainability and its significance through demonstrating the overexploitation and deficit rates of the groundwater supply…
A major problem for irrigated agricultural production in arid and semi-arid environments is salinization of land. Irrigated land accounts for about one third of the world's food, but nearly one fifth of irrigated lands are salt affected and suffer from reduced yield due to soil …
The Southeastern Atlantic Lower Coastal Plain is characterized by low topographic slope and drainage systems that interface with mesotidal estuaries, resulting in long reaches of freshwater tidal streams and adjoining tidal freshwater forested wetlands. Hydrodynamics are poorly …
Space-borne remote sensing datasets have the potential to allow us to progress towards global scale flood prediction systems. However, these datasets are limited in terms of space-time resolution and accuracy, and the best use of such data requires understanding how uncertaintie…
Aquaculture is currently the world's fastest growing animal-producing sector. The Khorezm province in southwestern Uzbekistan has over 450 small lakes that could be developed for aquaculture, diversifying the local economy and providing rural communities with an additional sourc…
The main goal of this study is to provide an explanation of the concept of securitization as a hegemonic compliance-producing mechanism for preserving the status quo as per the 1959 Agreement in the Nile Basin. Though the systematic power-analytical approach and hegemonic and co…
Flooding is the leading cause of losses from natural disasters in the United States, responsible for over 140 deaths a year (United States Geological Survey [USGS], 2006 and 2012). Dynamic inundation mapping, or using continuous modeling in conjunction with a GIS-system to creat…
This dissertation presents an examination of the causes and mechanisms underlying the widespread contamination of a shallow groundwater aquifer by fecal bacteria. The context for this study is a field site located in a rural area of Bangladesh that represents a microcosm for the…
Free convection is an important process that has applications in many disciplines of earth science and is a factor in a variety of environmental issues. Although the study of free convection has been historically limited to theory, laboratory experiments, numerical modeling, and…
The Nile River, the primary water resource and the life artery for its downstream countries such as Egypt and Sudan, exhibits strong seasonal fluctuations. The Upper Blue Nile basin (UBNB), the most significant tributary of the Nile, contributes more than half of the Nile's stre…
The Wadi Watir delta is a tourist area in the arid southeastern part of the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, where development and growth of the community is constrained by the amount of groundwater that can be withdrawn sustainably. To effectively manage groundwater resources in the Wad…