The search for ancient life on Earth is complicated and often controversial due to the fossil record consisting of microbial fossils (microfossils) which are simple in morphology and often not well preserved. The burden of proof for confirming the existence of life outside of ou…
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In the Mecca Hills, previously undescribed altered and cemented sandstone of Plio-Pleistocene age is preferentially distributed along the Painted Canyon fault (PCF). Petrographic analysis shows that the sandstone contains large volumes (>20% by volume) of K-feldspar and quartz m…
The Yellow Pine Mining District, located in central Idaho, has produced nearly 900,000 ounces of gold and significant amounts of silver (> 2.5 million ounces), antimony (50,000 tons) and tungsten (845 K units). Midas Gold Inc., who is currently exploring the district, has def…
When new construction projects are postponed or cancelled because of socio-economic concerns, greater emphasis is placed on enhanced operational planning—to get the most at the least cost, from the existing projects. Of the approaches that made significant improvement in the ope…
Deformation and hydrothermal mineralization is characterized across the dike-pluton boundary in the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus in order to constrain hydrothermal circulation at depth in the ocean crust. Six fault zones across the dike-pluton transition were mapped at scales of le…
This dissertation aims to achieve two goals. The first is to model the strategic interactions of firms that own cascaded reservoir-hydro plants in oligopolistic and mixed oligopolistic hydrothermal electricity generation markets. Although competition in thermal generation has be…
The Ertsberg Intrusion (EI) is located approximately 1.5 km southeast of the Grasberg super-porphyry Cu-Au deposit (GIC), in the Gunung Bijih (Ertsberg) Mining District, West Papua, Indonesia. Intrusion- and carbonate-hosted mineralization is associated with the 3.28-2.97±0.54 M…
Vents and seeps are the epitome of life in extreme environments, but there is much more to these systems than just black smokers or hydrocarbon seeps. Many other ecosystems are characterized by moving fluids and this book provides an overview of the different habitats, their spe…
There has been an increase in the interest in fluoride materials over the last decade. This interest has focused on multiferroic materials and kagome lattices, to name but a few areas. This thesis focuses on the synthesis and crystallographic characterisation of selected transit…
In this thesis, 60 crystal structures which have been synthesised by the solvothermal method are reported, with 57 of them representing novel materials. The remaining three materials have previously been reported but have been made by a new and milder method of synthesis. Ti, Zr…