Infection of immune cells with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces dysregulation of cytokines which may play a vital role in HIV pathogenesis. I analyzed the expression of Th1 (interferon-γ, (IFN-γ)\rbrack and Th2 (interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10) type cytokines in unstimulat…
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Adverse reactions to sulfonamides were initially described more than 50 years ago. It is not yet clear whether these side effects are due to immunological reactions or drug toxicity. More than 50% of AIDS patients develop adverse reactions to sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide drug…
This study examined, in a sample of 110 Latino gay and bisexual men, the characteristics of the social networks that provide them with information and advice about HIV/AIDS, networks' influence on unprotected sexual intercourse, as well as the mechanisms underlying the associati…
Though the AIDS epidemic has been spreading through sub-Saharan Africa for over 20 years, HIV prevalence rates in West Africa have augmented much more slowly than rates in East and Southern Africa. This research explores the question of whether differences in HIV prevalence rate…
Using Ethiopia's 2000 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), the 1998 Welfare Monitoring Survey, and the 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia, I systematically examined three issues: HIV/AIDS knowledge, AIDS-related attitudes and condom use. I distinguish different compo…
Après plus d'une décennie d'application de la politique de population adoptée en 1988 par le gouvernement du Sénégal, la fécondité reste élevée dans la région de Tambacounda et conséquemment la fréquence des grossesses à risque. Il va de soi que ce sont les femmes et les enfants…
Epidemiological studies have shown that ulcerative sexually transmitted infections (STIs) enhance sexual transmission of HIV. The impact of non-ulcerative genital infections is not as clear. In this thesis, we proposed to investigate the biological impact of non-ulcerative, infl…
Nous avons réalisé une étude pour déterminer la séroprévalence du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH), de Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), de Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), et pour explorer les comportements sexuels des travailleuses du sexe (TS), de leurs partenaires sexuels paya…
This dissertation portrays transformations in the social experience of contemporary Ethiopian-Israelis, and represents what is at stake for them in particular social and political encounters. Significant among these have been regular contestations with the religious, medical, an…
Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) is a lentivirus closely related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Thrombocytopenia is a consistent and early hematological abnormality in horses acutely infected with EIAV. As with HIV, multifactorial mechanisms, including immune-mediat…
In 1993, despite the lack of evidential epidemiological data, the Malaysian Ministry of Health designated factories high-risk settings for AIDS. In 1995, the Malaysian delegation at an Asia Regional Conference on Women and AIDS advocated intensive HIV prevention activities among…
Objective. To study sexual network patterns and factors that influence the sexual networking among male groups in Indonesia and to determine to what extent do the patterns of sexual networking or bridging behavior explain the low level of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. Design. Cross-sec…
This dissertation is an analysis of the political economy of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. This dissertation traces Nigerian democratic imaginaries and shows their intertwined connections to national and international AIDS policies, constructions of rights, and the production of therapeu…
A series of prodrugs of zidovudine (AZT) and alovudine (FLT) has been synthesized in an effort to enhance their anti-HIV-1 activity, duration of action, lipophilicity, uptake by HIV-1 infected cells, delivery to the central nervous system and liver, and plasma half-life. Some of…
This study examines the role of culture in the development, content, and implementation of Bahrain's HIV/AIDS educational programs. It presents some of the conflicts inherent in developing and implementing HIV/AIDS education programs for a traditional Islamic country. Physicians…
This study investigated the knowledge of and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS among tenth grade high school students, and to compare the knowledge and attitudes between males-females, rural-urban students, and students-dropouts in West Java province, Indonesia. Two hundred sixty respon…
This dissertation serves two distinct purposes. First, it fills a void in the study of the Jola people of southwestern Senegal by providing the first comprehensive ethnomedical analysis of a Jola subgroup. Second, it examines the full range of circumstances that render young Jol…
We evaluated the role of HIV-1 and its derived proteins in cell killing and suppression of lymphocyte blastogenic responses in vitro. Treatment of PBMC with ultraviolet light-inactivated HIV-1 (uvHIV-1) resulted in cell killing as determined by viable cell counts. Detergent disr…