This dissertation research focuses on understanding climate variability in the Indian Ocean using bomb produced radiocarbon in coral samples in order to understand water mass mixing processes in the equatorial Indian Ocean. I present accelerator mass spectrometric (AMS) measurem…
This dissertation investigates the relationship between the emergence of Islamophobia, the contemporaneous rise of ultranationalism, and British colonial policy in 1930s Burma. Though scholars agree that Burmese Islamophobia first appeared in the colonial period, they have not y…
The primary goal of the work proposed here is to quantify water mass, heat and salt budget in the northern Indian Ocean, characterize their seasonal to interannual variability in response to monsoon forcing and understand the processes that control the exchange and storage of wa…
Chemical and hydrographic tracer data obtained during the GEOSECS and WOCE expeditions along with historical hydrographic data are used to examine the deep overturning circulation in the Indian Ocean. The mean upwelling transport of bottom water in the Indian Ocean north of 30°S…
The geological history of Himalayans and Tibetan Plateau is important for understanding how our planet evolves, and how geological structures can have local and global effects on climate and floral and faunal evolution of a system. This thesis presents how biostratigraphy of cal…
The Maldives atolls, the very top of one of the largest modern carbonate platforms, occupy the central and largest part of the Chagos-Laccadives ridge located in the equatorial Indian Ocean. In the central part of the archipelago, the large atolls form two parallel north-south r…
The importance of Indian Ocean circulation dynamics to the regional and global weather signatures is increasingly recognized at large partly due to improved ocean observations in the last few decades. Observational and modeling efforts are directed towards understanding the impa…
Kelvin waves are internal ocean waves that balance the Earth's Coriolis force against a wave boundary such as a coastline or the equator. In the Indian Ocean, Kelvin waves originate from Wyrtki jets off the east African coast and propagate along the equatorial wave guide until r…
The intraseasonal variability (ISV; 20-90 days) in Makassar Strait, the primary pathway for Pacific water flow into the Indian Ocean and a waveguide for transmitting subinertial energy from the tropical Indian Ocean to Indonesian seas, is investigated, using the 2004-2006 Intern…
Using WOCE WHP CTD and ADCP sections in Indian Ocean from 1995 and ARLINDO 1994 CTD data within the Timor Sea, the throughflow component of the SEC transport is investigated. Throughflow water is well represented by its nearly homogenous low salinity feature within the SEC therm…
Indian Ocean SST and precipitation in the littoral regions of the Indian Ocean are examined with the aim of assessing predictability of precipitation in regions with critical socio-economic impact. Empirical relationships are found to varying degrees and with differing degrees o…
This dissertation is a study of Ottoman expansion in the Indian Ocean, beginning with Sultan Selim the Grim's conquest of Egypt in 1517, and ending with the corsair Mir Ali Beg's last naval expedition to the Swahili Coast in 1589. The aim of my research is to create a coherent n…
This dissertation is a legal history of debt and economic life in the Indian Ocean during the nineteenth and early-twentieth century. It draws on materials from Bahrain, Muscat, Bombay, Zanzibar and London to examine how members of an ocean-wide commercial society constructed re…
Ocean general circulation models of the IPCC class have biases even when simulating present-day conditions, which may bring into question their predictions of future conditions. This dissertation is about tools for, and results from assessing biases in the Community Earth System…
An ocean general circulation model (the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model, HYCOM) is used to examine the impact of atmospheric intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) on intraseasonal sea surface temperature (SST) during boreal summer, and on seasonal to interannual SST, mixed layer thick…
This dissertation is a 'thick' description and analysis of the institutions, practices and mentalités that framed a vital arena for the daily lives of the cosmopolitan denizens of mid-eighteenth-century Islamic Eurasia. It was within this arena that men, goods, ideas and knowled…
This dissertation describes and characterizes a diaspora and its history. It does this by drawing upon cultural materials which were created within the historical and geographical movement itself. These are genealogies of diverse sorts, such as prose narrations, charts, performe…
From 2008-2012, a dramatic upsurge in incidents of maritime piracy in the Western Indian Ocean led to renewed global attention to this region: including the deployment of multi national naval patrols, attempts to prosecute suspected pirates, and the development of financial inte…