"This text gives the necessary background for the study and appreciation of Italian painting and sculpture from about 1250 to 1550. It tells how the artists learned their craft, the organization of their workshops, and the guilds they belonged to; how their customers or patrons …
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"To whom should we ascribe the great flowering of the arts in Renaissance Italy? Artists like Botticelli and Michelangelo? Or wealthy, discerning patrons like Cosimo de' Medici? In recent years, scholars have attributed great importance to the role played by patrons, arguing tha…
The Nazis encouraged artistic and intellectual life in occupied France as a tool with which to placate those they had conquered, while French artists and intellectuals often used cultural activity as an overt or covert form of political expression. The Nazi encouragement of cult…