These studies explore malaria on the southern border of Saudi Arabia, a region where malaria cases are resurging, and elimination efforts are stalled. Malaria is a major public health concern on the southern border due to the area’s favorable ecology, competent vectors, frequent…
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Disease transmission is a product of mechanisms and interactions at multiple levels of biological organization, and a comprehensive understanding of these processes is essential to disease control. Malaria parasites, for example, can infect dozens of vector species and undergo c…
Anopheles mosquitoes are the only vectors of malaria, a disease that kills over 400,000 people each year. In malaria-endemic regions, interventions aimed at the mosquito vectors through the use of insecticides have been highly successful at reducing malaria cases and deaths over…
Southeast Asian Ovalocytosis (SAO) is a twenty-seven base pair deletion in the eleventh exon of the human SLC4A1 gene that confers strong protection against falciparum malaria. Little is known about the evolutionary history of this allele at present. The goal of this project is …
Funded by the Eunice Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, this dissertation examined factors that influence the diagnosis and treatment of child malaria in a clinical setting in southwest Nigeria. If Millennium Development Goal 6––to halt and reverse…
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are a threat to global public health and biodiversity. The most effective strategies for their control and prevention will arise from interdisciplinary research addressing the relationships between human, animal, and ecosystem health. This dis…
In highly competitive industries where firms aren’t protected by barriers to entry and consumers’ preferences are constantly changing, the willingness and ability to adapt and continually improve operations may be critical for continued success. However, the internal exchanges b…
As we known, infectious diseases can be transmitted from one region to another due to extensive travel and migration. Meanwhile, different regions have different demographic and epidemiological characteristics. To capture these features, multi-patch epidemic models have been dev…
An epidemiological data of malaria cases were correlated with satellite-based vegetation health (VH) indices to investigate if they can be used as a proxy for monitoring the number of malaria cases. Mosquitoes, which spread malaria in Bangladesh, are very sensitive to environmen…
The objectives of this dissertation are to: (1) describe the spatial and temporal distribution of incident malaria infections in an urban population in highland Ethiopia during a single malaria season (2) identify household, weather and larvae factors associated with malaria ris…
The countries with the largest infectious diseases burden tend to also be the least resourceful. Consequently, public health authorities in those countries need adequate predictive approaches, i.e. early warning-systems, to reduce the burden of infectious diseases whilst minimiz…
The Translationally Controlled Tumor Proteins (TCTPs) are a family of proteins whose functions are still largely unknown. The Plasmodium falciparum TCTP was first identified in studies of the mechanism of action of the antimalarial artemisinin. These studies demonstrated that TC…
Asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia is highly prevalent among schoolchildren especially in hyperendemic and holoenedemic areas where up to 90% of schoolchildren are affected. We hypothesized that parasitaemia may have a direct but transient effect on cognition through cytokine pro…
Toxicity associated with bioactive natural products is considered as a major obstacle in the process of drug discovery. Manzamine A (MA) is one such candidate that requires optimization to overcome the toxicity problem. The manzamine alkaloids represents a unique class of natura…
Malaria has plagued mankind for millennia. Antimalarial drug use over the last century has generated highly drug-resistant parasites, which amplify the burden of this disease and pose a serious obstacle to control efforts. This dissertation is motivated by the simple fact that m…
Malaria is a mosquito-borne parasitic disease that poses a significant public health threat to millions of people worldwide. Malaria is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. Mosquitoes in the genus Anopheles are incredibly diverse, with different ecologies and behaviors th…
The end of the Late Bronze Age in the Near East (1300 - 1200 BCE) saw the widespread collapse of several large cultural centers, the reasons for which are a subject of continued debate. Evidence from events leading up to this cultural collapse suggest epidemic disease may have f…
Co-infection with malaria and hookworm is a common problem among the rural poor in developing nations. Clinical data characterizing the interaction between these two pathogens is limited and highly conflicting, and currently available animal model systems are not compatible with…
Malaria caused an estimated 627, 000 deaths, mostly among African children in 2012. Anopheles gambiae is one of the most efficient vectors of malaria in the world. An. gambiae is highly anthropophilic, preferring the human host as a source of blood. An. gambiae enjoys an excepti…