The increasing evidence of associations between physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep duration and diet and both immediate and long term health implications is of public health concern. There is a need to further our understanding of the patterns of these behaviours and …
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This thesis describes the development of the idea of an 'obesity epidemic' that figures prominently in contemporary public health discourse. It uses conceptual approaches from Science and Technology Studies and the history of medicine to analyse changing ideas about obesity, par…
There is significant research evidence to demonstrate that physical activity can produce weight loss, weight maintenance and positive health effects in the overweight and obese. However, it can be difficult to get this population sufficiently active to achieve these benefits. Th…
Current treatments for obesity have been unsuccessful. It is essential that a patient-centred approach for obesity management is developed and for this to be successful other diet and lifestyle approaches need to be considered. A systematic review comparing low carbohydrate vs. …
Background: Inflammation is the natural reaction of the body to an antigen. In some conditions, this reaction continues even after the elimination of the antigen, entering a chronic stage; it targets normal cells of the body and causes extensive damage. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)…
The prevalence of obesity (BMI≥30kg/m²) in the Scottish population is rising at an alarming pace. The health implications for those affected and the lack of sustained success in treatment, demands that new strategies be explored to improve patient outcomes (Harvey et al. 2005). …
Background: The first 1,000 days of life are a unique period for the brain architecture. The development of perceptual, sensorimotor, social and language systems depend crucially on environmental stimulation. Multiple factors influence the acquisition of competencies, including …
Excessive body fat and related dysmetabolic complications concern both emerging and developed countries. An important environmental cause of these conditions is the altered composition of gut microbiota, which is influenced by the host diet. A number of clinical trials target gu…
Taste impacts the palatability and intake of food, which is influenced by several factors such as cultural and genetic factors. Individual variations in taste perception may be important risk factors for poor eating habits and development of obesity. The differences in taste per…
Obesity is the most well-established risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), although the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have yet to be fully described. A growing body of evidence suggests that obesity directly induces chronic subclinical inflammation, which i…
Aims: The overall aim of this thesis is to describe and evaluate hereditary uterine cancer syndrome both independent of and in relation to hereditary patterns of Lynch and/or Cowden syndrome for the purpose of recognizing and defining a unique pattern of familial uterine cancer.
Obesity has been identified as a significant risk factor for chronic diseases, contributing to health disparities in minority and vulnerable populations. Though research has identified an increased risk for obesity in the Hispanic immigrant population, there is little or no rese…
Economic growth has spurred rapid urbanization in Malaysia and triggered changes in diet, lifestyle, and disease trends. National studies show that a third of Malaysia's population is overweight/obese while household expenditures on dining out grow. In metropolitan Kuala Lumpur …
Both in developed and developing countries cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death among adult. The risk factor profile for CVD, specifically for coronary heart diseases (CHD) for the young and for the older people is not always similar. Risk factors may als…
Objectives : (1) To determine accumulation of obesogenic behaviors during young adulthood by examining the relationship between excessive television viewing and inadequate fruit and vegetable intake. (2) To establish the co-occurrence of health-promoting behaviors by examining t…
Chapter 1: The latest estimates from the United Nations Children's Fund show that there are approximately 153 million orphans around the world, a figure that includes children who have lost a mother, a father, or both parents. Chapter I, "Parental Loss and Children Well-being", …
Globalization of economic activities and advances in technology are continuously shaping the relationship between governments, regulatory bodies and private sectors. In facing such changes, governments and regulatory bodies have to reconsider their economic policies. In my disse…
Obesity, diet quality and physical activity are three lifestyle characteristics known to be associated with the risk for several chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease and diabetes. The relation of these characteristics and periodontitis, another chronic condition, is n…
In this series of studies, three issues were addressed. First, the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes (high fasting blood glucose with no prior diagnosis of diabetes) and how different they are from the diagnosed diabetes in risk factors. Second, the prevalence and risk factors …