Global warming and eutrophication are driving an expansion of hypoxia in the World Ocean. This will favour organisms, such as Foraminifera (testate protists), that tolerate low-oxygen conditions and may lead to an overall decline in marine biodiversity. With this in mind, commun…
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“Live” (stained) and dead macrofaunal (>300 μm fraction) foraminifera in multicorer samples (0-1 cm and 0-5 cm layers) were analysed at six stations along a transect (100-3400 m water depth) across the Oman margin (Arabian Sea) oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Very high abundances (28…
Laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis is often difficult and time consuming. This study has evaluated some new strategies for improved isolation and detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical specimens. This work was conducted over several years examining samples from th…
The work described in this thesis identifies some properties of the major polypeptides of pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) and of turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT) virus. The PVM glycoproteins have been studied in particular detail while the results obtained with TRT virus provide a pre…
With the 1992 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity humanity's ongoing search for biological resources became subject to global regulation. The collection of biological materials for use in agriculture and medicine by one nation from another became conditional on cri…
Leaf area index (LAI), defined as the one sided green leaf area per unit ground area, is a key parameter in ecosystem process models. Owing to the large area of the earth's surface that they occupy, savanna ecosystems represent the third largest terrestrial carbon sink. There is…
Nitric oxide (NO) generation by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is implicated in gamete interaction and fertilization. In vitro studies were undertaken to assess the ability of human sperm and cumulus cells (surrounding the oocyte) to generate NO, investigate the mechanism of action…
This research examines factors influencing avian reproductive biology in three co-occurring woodland passerines, Cyanistes caeruleus (blue tit), Parus major (great tit), and Ficedula hypoleuca (pied flycatcher), breeding in nestboxes at Nagshead Nature Reserve (Gloucestershire, …
Background: This thesis examines the origins and early development of UK Biobank. This is a resource funded in 2002 by the Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust, the Department of Health and the Scottish Executive to gather genetic and lifestyle information from half a mi…
The G-protein coupling specificity of D2-like dopamine receptors was investigated using both receptor-G protein fusions and membranes of cells in which pertussis toxin-resistant mutants of individual Gi-family G proteins could be expressed in an inducible fashion. A range of lig…
In the present study, the function and the mechanism of action of RGS4, a member of a family of proteins called Regulators of G protein Signalling (RGS) was investigated. A C-terminal fluorescent tag on RGS4 confirmed that transiently transfected RGS4 was predominantly cytosolic…
Deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps are remarkable for their spectacular megaand macrofauna, many of which appear to have a high level of endemism to these chemosynthetic environments. It is not clear whether the patterns of biodiversity, faunal zonation and biogeography …
The marine biogeochemistry of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) has come under increased scrutiny because of its involvement in the global carbon cycle and consequently climate change. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP), which have historically been ignored becau…
This study applies a metapopulation dynamics approach to modelling a distribution of plankton by representing a region of ocean as an ensemble of plankton populations interacting through the stirring and mixing eects of the ow. The methods of synchronisation theory are applied w…
Plasmodium and Toxoplasma nuclear genomes possess an ORF for a putative protein which contains domains homologous to the T7 bacteriophage primase-helicase like Twinkle enzyme and the prokaryotic family A polymerase enzyme. It has been hypothesised that this nuclear encoded prote…
The macroinvertebrate faunas of various inland saline waters in Cheshire and N.Staffordshire were investigated. The sites included a stream and a series of ponds on a commercial brinefield, a canal receiving a brine effluent, and a number of brine springs. Salinities ranged from…
TIGAR (TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator) functions to promote antioxidant defence, with a loss of TIGAR associated with a defect in a cell’s ability to control reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resultant oxidative damage. TIGAR can function as a fructose-2,6-bisph…
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a tissue-resident stromal cell population that are able to regulate immune responses, in particular the capacity for endothelial cells (EC) to support leukocyte recruitment. In this thesis we examined the ability of MSC from different sources (bo…
Ecological systems are responding to changes in climate, and due to their ubiquitous nature, parasites will not be exempt from such changes. Understanding the effect that global climate change will have on parasites is of utmost importance, because there will be climate-driven i…