Placental growth factor (PlGF) is a pro-angiogenic and inflammatory mediator that promotes many pathological conditions including, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. In mouse models, the loss of PlGF or inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) act…
"141" Result
Sort By:
Transcriptional regulation of genes is fundamental to all living organisms. The spatial, temporal and condition-specific expression levels of genes are in part determined by inherited regulatory codes in non-coding regions of the DNA. A large set of methods have been proposed to…
The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which mediates the potent toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. AhR is regulated by the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of the AhR, and so determining how the…
Our ever increasing knowledge of genetics is radically changing disciplines in science and medicine. Significantly, the study of gene expression and protein synthesis within both healthy and abnormal cells has advanced understanding of the mechanism of disease at the molecular l…
Sox2 is one of the earliest known transcription factors to be expressed during development of the nervous system (Rex et al., 1997; Silvia Brunelli, 2003; Wang et al., 2006b; Dee et al., 2008). Ectodermal cells expressing Sox2 have the potential to differentiate into nerve cells…
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a multipotent cell population which have been described to exert renoprotective and regenerative effects in experimental models of kidney injury. In addition, it was recently shown that human MSCs are able to contribute to the development of bot…
To identify the full range of targets and the pathogenic consequences, we sought to mimic the pathogenesis of myotonic dystrophy type 1 with temporal and spatial control: temporal to reproduce the developmental pathogenesis of the congenital form, and spatial to isolate tissue s…
Rett syndrome (RTT), a disorder caused almost exclusively by mutations in the X-linked gene, MECP2, has a clinical phenotype thought to be primarily of neurological origin. Disruption of Mecp2 in mice results in a prominent RTT-like phenotype and Mecp2 knock-out animal models pr…
53BP1 is a DNA damage responsive protein that plays a crucial role in checkpoint activation and DNA repair. In addition to its involvement in the cellular response to DNA damage, it has been suggested that 53BP1 can also function to regulate gene expression. 53BP1 was originally…
Understanding how the germ layers are formed is one of the key questions of developmental biology. Abundant studies in the anuran amphibian Xenopus laevis have described that maternal and vegetally localised mRNAs for VegT and Vg1 contribute greatly to the formation of mesoderm …
Crop wild relatives have been identified as ecologically and economically important plant genetic resources but are often a neglected resource. The recognition of the need for their specific conservation and their value for future use has been strengthened by the Convention on B…
Eukaryotic cells respond to extracellular stimuli by transmitting intracellular instructions via signalling pathways to coordinate appropriate responses. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are often used to transmit these instructions to regulate gene expression, w…
Trypanosoma brucei is an evolutionarily divergent eukaryotic parasite of mammals in sub-Saharan Africa and is transmitted by the tsetse fly vector. To evade the mammalian immune response, T. brucei utilises antigenic variation, which involves switches in the Variant Surface Glyc…
Malaria, caused by infection with intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, is responsible for 300 to 600 million clinical cases annually (Snow et al., 2005), resulting in the deaths of up to three million people every year (Breman, 2001, Breman et al., 2004). T…
Since the discovery of cell-free fetal DNA in the circulation of pregnant women fetal-specific DNA biomarkers for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal aneuploidy have been sought. A model system assessing the DNA methylation of placental DNA and adult peripheral leukocyte DN…
Injury to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) stimulates a finely regulated regenerative response that generally leads to some recovery of function. In contrast, the response to injury in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is abortive and adult CNS neurons do not n…
The stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) is an inbred model of hypertension. Renal microarrays and functional genomic strategies investigated chromosome 2 candidate hypertension genes, focussing on the oxidative-stress defence gene, glutathione s-transferse mu typ…
The renin angiotensin system is often maninpulated clinically for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. This pathway is of major clinical importance and it is thus a major target for therapy. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases continues to increase worldwide, hi…
Two conserved protein kinases, Chk1 and Chk2, are activated in response to genotoxic stress and mediate multiple cell cycle checkpoint mechanisms that ensure genomic integrity. The establishment of mitotic checkpoint delay in response to DNA damage or incompletely replicated DNA…
The mitotic cell cycle underlies propagation of eukaryotic cells, continually duplicating and dividing. The past few years have seen major advances in understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that impose on the cell cycle to tightly co-ordinate progression through its individu…