Kin recognition allows individuals to assess their relatedness to conspecifics, thus they may then show kin discrimination and make informed choices as to with whom to associate and/or breed. Cooperatively breeding species, such as the cichlid Neolamprologus pulcher, are an exce…
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In Scotland over the past 30 years the Nephrops fishery has expanded and is now the largest in Europe with landings in 1986 valued at over 㴍m. Much of the species biology is poorly understood, especially the early life history. The biology of larval and juvenile Nephrops is the …
Chapter 2 Natural concurrent infections of rats with H. diminuta and M. moniliformis may increase the chances of individual insects being infected by both parasites simultaneously. Although previous work has shown H. diminuta and M. moniliformis can co-exist in the small intesti…
D-serine is a co-agonist at NMDA receptors in the brain but the study of this amino acid is restricted by current techniques. I have designed highly sensitive D-serine biosensors that permit accurate real-time recordings of D-serine in the brain in a selective manner. I demonstr…
Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) is a fatal disease caused by the sandfly-borne intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum, and vaccine development in the reservoir host (the domestic dog) is a current research priority. The aims of this study were (1) to conduct …
A model of parental sensitivity in caregiving informs later romantic relationships and is transmitted in caregiving behaviours to children. Differences in parental caregiving contribute to individual differences in infant attachment style. The owner/dog bond mirrors this relatio…
At the St Kilda archipelago, Outer Hebrides, declines have been recorded in the Leach's Storm-petrel breeding population, the largest in Britain and Ireland, and rapid increases in the population of Great Skuas. Leach's Storm-petrels have frequently been found in the diet of Gre…
Changes in environmental conditions in early life can cause changes in the tempo and pattern of growth and development in animals. Natural selection favours processes that enable animals to make decisions that maximise Darwinian fitness. These decisions are influenced by trade-o…
Animals often respond differently to the same environmental cues. Where behavioural responses differ consistently between individuals over time or contexts, this is “personality”. In wild animals, personality is linked to variation in fitness and survival. Predictions on the beh…
In the UK, translocation is increasingly being used to resolve conflict between great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) conservation and land development. Due to a lack of objective study on the translocation procedure, there remains little evidence of the success of employing t…
Anthelmintic resistance in parasitic nematodes of small ruminants is widespread and, in some parts of the world, threatens the sustainability of sheep production. The mechanisms whereby parasitic nematodes become resistant to anthelmintics, particularly ivermectin, remain to be …
Major topics of great interest in neuroscience involve understanding the brain function in stimuli coding, perceptive discrimination, and movement control through neuronal activities. Many researchers are designing biophysical and psychological experiments to study the activitie…
The avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) expresses four nonstructural, non-gene 1 proteins (3a, 3b, 5a and 5b) which have been shown to be dispensable for virus replication in cell culture. These IBV accessory proteins have no sequence homology to any of the acces…
Epidemiological models are frequently used to estimate basic parameters, evaluate alternative control strategies, and set levels for control measures such as vaccination, culling, or quarantine. However, inferences drawn from these models are sensitive to the assumptions upon wh…
This study explores the principles of echolocation in bats which can be potentially adopted for bio-inspired sonar systems. Using a biological signal processing technique which was developed based on bat’s hearing system, the effect of auditory processing on the object discrimin…
The study of pluripotent cells in mouse has revealed a core transcription factor network. Pluripotent cells have not been identified in many non-mammalian organisms, but cells with pluripotent properties are found in axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) a urodele amphibian. Similaritie…
Dinoflagellate parasites of the genus Hematodinium are associated with heavy mortality of the Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) off the west coast of Scotland. The Syndinean dinoflagellate has been isolated from N. norvegicus and has been successfully cultured axenically in v…
Experiments were carried out to identify the environmental factors influencing survival during emersion with the aim of suggesting modifications to present transit conditions in order to minimise physiological stress, thus improving scallop condition and survival. Results showed…