Replication

The archaeological record and literary sources indicate that the interiors of churches in the early Byzantine Empire were richly adored from floor to ceiling. In this study, it is asserted that all of the surfaces which received decoration were integral components of the overall…

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious disease of wild and domestic cloven–hoofed animals such as cattle, swine and deer. It is caused by one of the most contagious animal diseases known; FMD virus (FMDV). Since the disease is endemic in many countries, transmission…

Emerging RNA viruses present recurring challenges to human, livestock, and plant healthcare efforts worldwide. With compact genomes copied by an inherently error-prone RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), RNA viruses are remarkably adept at exploring the functional sequence spac…