The thesis is a study of the 'ownership', production and marketing of frankincense in Somalia. It considers first the various local and wider uses of frankincense, both industrial and non-industrial. It then examines the place of frankincense trees in the general classification …
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Economic, political and environmental factors have prioritized the need for research on phosphate (Pi) acquisition efficiency (PAE), Pi use efficiency (PUE) and Pi fertilizer uptake efficiency in crops. However, the coordination of molecular responses to Pi starvation and the me…
Brassica napus is a commercially important crop worldwide and its use is quickly increasing due to its beneficial oil products and biofuel demands. Yield can be lost through infection by a fungal pathogen, Leptosphaeria maculans, the causal agent of stem canker (blackleg). An ea…
A substantial increase in wheat yield is needed for global food security. This requires a comprehensive understanding of the physiological and genetic basis of yield determination. The present study aimed to dissect yield physiologically and genetically in a recombinant inbred l…
Groundnut, Arachis hypogaea (L.), can be attacked by a range of pathogens, including Aspergillus species, which can cause accumulation of the mycotoxin aflatoxin. Although some success in controlling this pathogen has been achieved with application of fungicides, their use is no…
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the factors controlling the spread and distribution of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) in Scotland. Bracken has long been an agricultural problem and, more recently, fears have been raised about the plant's carcinogenic properties. Despite …
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease of wheat and other small grain cereals worldwide caused by a complex of toxigenic Fusarium spp. and non-toxigenic Microdochium spp. Infection leads to a reduction of grain yield, loss of grain quality and the production …
Potato virus Y (PVY) is considered to be the most serious viral pathogen that affects potato crops worldwide and can cause substantial yield losses. PVY exists as a complex of strains that can be distinguished on the basis of their biology, serology and genome analysis. In recen…
There has been an increasing emphasis placed on understanding microbial c, in order to enable the patterns and processes governing the spatial distribution of soil microbiota to be determined. Due to current food security issues, this is particularly important within agricultura…
Natural products have been the source of numerous leads for several drugs. As these natural products are often isolated in small quantities, it is necessary to produce them synthetically to allow testing for biological activity. Furthermore, synthesis allows the preparation of u…
The scientific case made by the AUTHOR’S comparative Brassica oleracea genomics work is presented through 5 peer reviewed research papers. In order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of B. oleracea the identification of unique genome characteristics, estab…
Concerns regarding carbon emissions, increasing demands on water supplies and environmental pollution have meant that the European protected horticulture industry is being challenged to develop more sustainable greenhouse climate management systems. These new systems can however…
The 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid-dioxygenase (NCED) is a key regulatory enzyme in ABA biosynthesis in plants and its overexpression increases ABA levels that can increase water use efficiency (WUE). The use of the „super promoter‟ (sp) to drive an LeNCED1 transgene in tomato greatly im…
Downy mildew of lettuce caused by Bremia lactucae is a serious disease resulting in yield loss. The population structure of the pathogen in the UK is poorly understood. This PhD project concentrated on developing molecular markers to differentiate the genotypic variation of B. l…
The impact of climate change on plant disease is an important concern for agriculture. Tools from natural and social science are used in this interdisciplinary study in an innovative way to assess potential impacts on the UK strawberry sector. Records of agricultural statistics …
As a plant operating the C3 photosynthetic pathway and commonly grown under tropical conditions of high light intensity and temperature, rice (Oryza sativa) displays high levels of photorespiration, to the detriment of photosynthetic efficiency. For this reason it is thought tha…
The increasing losses of potato tubers in storage due to soft rot spoilage have emphasised the need for detailed studies of the entry and spread of the pathogen and the action of the defence mechanisms of the potato at an ultrastruotiiral level. The studies have shown that the t…
Liriomyza bryoniae is an economically important pest of vegetable and ornamental crops in European glasshouse agriculture. Diglyphus isaea is a parasitoid of Liriomyza leaf miners and is commercially available as a biological control agent. Anecdotal reports made to commercial p…
In today's world of rapidly changing climates, ever-increasing human population growth and increased competition for space, the production of energy and high quality food to meet increasing demands presents an enormous challenge to the related industries. It has been predicted t…