The Routledge International Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning is an authoritative reference work providing a balanced overview of current scholarship spanning the full breadth of the rapidly developing and expanding field of thinking and reasoning. It contains 35 chapters writt…
"In Enthymemes and Topoi in Dialogue, Ellen Breitholtz presents a novel and precise account of reasoning from an interactional perspective. The account draws on the concepts of enthymemes and topoi, originating in Aristotelian rhetoric and dialectic, and integrates these in a fo…
"In Enthymemes and Topoi in Dialogue, Ellen Breitholtz presents a novel and precise account of reasoning from an interactional perspective. The account draws on the concepts of enthymemes and topoi, originating in Aristotelian rhetoric and dialectic, and integrates these in a fo…
A core problem in Artificial Intelligence is the modeling of human reasoning. Classic-logical approaches are too rigid for this task, as deductive inference yielding logically correct results is not appropriate in situations where conclusions must be drawn based on the incomplet…
"How do we make sense of complex evidence? What are the cognitive principles that allow detectives to solve crimes and lay people to puzzle out everyday problems? To address these questions, David Lagnado presents a novel perspective on human reasoning. At heart, we are causal t…
"Knowledge closure is the claim that, if an agent S knows P, recognizes that P implies Q, and believes Q because it is implied by P, then S knows Q. Closure is a pivotal epistemological principle that is widely endorsed by contemporary epistemologists. Against Knowledge Closure …
Drawing from the study of human reasoning, Argumentation describes different types of arguments and explains how they influence beliefs and behaviour. Raymond Nickerson identifies many of the fallacies, biases, and other flaws often found in arguments as well as 'stratagems' (sc…
Introduction -- Rational inference : a constrained optimization framework -- The metrics of info-metrics : information, probabilities and entropy -- Entropy maximization -- Inference in the real world -- Advanced inference in the real world -- Efficiency, sufficiency, and optima…
"How do we go about weighing evidence, testing hypotheses and making inferences? According to the model of 'inference to the Best explanation', we work out what to infer from the evidence by thinking about what would actually explain that evidence, and we take the ability of a h…
"It is impossible to hold patently contradictory beliefs in mind together at once. Why? Because we know that it is impossible for both to be true. This impossibility is a species of rational necessity, a phenomenon that uniquely characterizes the relation between one person's be…
The low road to active inference -- The high road to active inference -- The generative models of active inference -- Message passing and neurobiology -- A recipe for designing active inference models -- Active inference in discrete time -- Active inference in continuous time --…
"Think about thinking" – ist die zentrale Aussage des Lehrbuchs zum klinischen und professionellen Denken in der Ergotherapie. Es ermuntert Sie zur Selbstflexion. Zudem macht es den intuitiven klinischen Entscheidungsprozess bewusst, transparent, nachvollziehbar und verständlich…