Worldwide, an estimated 9.1 billion birds may need to be killed on farm each year. As of January 2013 the use of manual cervical dislocation (MCD) as a killing method for poultry on-farm has been heavily restricted through new EU legislation (EC 1099/2009) on the Welfare of Anim…
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Acquired urinary incontinence in the canine is a distressing and debilitating condition affecting up to 20% of neutered bitches, whilst less than 1% of entire bitches and males suffer from this condition. Although a number of medical and surgical therapies exist for treatment of…
Analysis of Faecal Egg Count (FEC) and Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT) datasets is frequently complicated by a high degree of variability between observations and relatively small sample sizes. In this thesis, statistical issues pertaining to the analysis of FEC and FECR…
A mathematical approach was used to model seasonal variation of cyathostomin faecal egg output, and in simulating anthelmintic control strategy. The model is based on parameters of biological development of cyathostomins and climatic data. A good fit of the model prediction to t…
The principal aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) in horses in Great Britain using risk-screening questionnaires (RSQ). Three processes were used to aid construction of the RSQ for RAO, namely: a review of the scientific li…
The effects of thermal environments from 20oC. to 40oC. at high and low humidities on the physiological reactions of young calves.
Fasciola hepatica is responsible for substantial economic losses and animal welfare issues within the agricultural sector worldwide. The increasing incidence of fasciolosis, coupled with the emergence of flukicide resistance, makes vaccination an attractive alternative control s…
Strong adaptive evolutionary forces shape the interactions between pathogens and their hosts and typically lead to a stable co-existence. In this process of co-evolution, mammals have developed restriction factors that limit retrovirus infectivity, replication or assembly and na…
Four studies consisting of 6 experiments were conducted to investigate the likely mechanisms of actions of feed additives used in the place of antibiotics to improve performance and enteric health in broilers. In the first study, the relationship between digesta pH, body weight …
Evidence is presented to indicate that: a) The cuticular layer of the shell is rarely present as an even covering at any stage in the laying year. So, its role as a first line of defence is questionable. b) The shell membranes do inhibit bacterial transfer to some degree, even w…
The gene dense major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region, present in all jawed vertebrates, encodes molecules involved in self-non-self discrimination and the binding and presentation of antigenic peptides to T cells during the adaptive immune response. Variation in MHC gene…
The digestive tracts of animals are home to bacterial communities comprising trillions of individual microorganisms. The community of microorganisms residing in the gut is the gut microbiota. Studies have shown that a symbiotic gut microbiota is intrinsic to the overall health a…
Abstract: Tick-borne diseases are a constraint to livestock production in many developing countries. They are responsible for high morbidity and mortality resulting in decreased production of meat, milk and other livestock by-products. The most important tick-borne diseases of l…
The equine sarcoid is the most commonly detected skin tumour in equidae worldwide and has been reported in horses, donkeys, mules and zebra. Sarcoids can be defined as locally aggressive, fibroblastic, benign tumours of the equine skin and although they do not metastasise, they …
The internal carotid artery in the horse is of significant veterinary importance due to its intimate relationship with the guttural pouch, and mycotic disease thereof. The relevance of recognising and identifying variations involving the internal carotid artery lies in the fact …
The principal objectives of the study presented in this thesis were to study the changes of milk proteomes, peptidomes and metabolomes during the course of bovine mastitis in comparison with normal milk samples and to discover new bovine mastitis biomarkers using various modern …
There is a delicate evolutionary balance between viruses and their hosts. The host has evolved the intrinsic, innate and adaptive immunity to fight viral infections. However, viruses have acquired several counteracting measures to evade host defences. Ovine Betaretroviruses, inc…
Trypanosoma brucei is an evolutionarily divergent eukaryotic parasite of mammals in sub-Saharan Africa and is transmitted by the tsetse fly vector. To evade the mammalian immune response, T. brucei utilises antigenic variation, which involves switches in the Variant Surface Glyc…
The aim of this work was to develop a propofol (PPF) based Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) technique to be used in dogs by veterinary surgeons in practice. As PPF is a poor analgesic agent, this work also looked into the development of a co-infusion scheme for the potent al…