In late eighteenth-century Vienna and the Habsburg territories, over 50 minor-key symphonies were written. Their distinctive stormy character, nervous energy and intense pathos make them a unique phenomenon.
In late eighteenth-century Vienna and the surrounding Habsburg territories, over 50 minor-key symphonies by at least 11 composers were written. These include some of the best-known works of the symphonic repertoire, such as Haydn's 'Farewell' Symphony and Mozart's Symphony No. 4…
During the 19th century, nearly 100 symphonies were written by over 50 composers living in the United States. With few exceptions, this repertoire is virtually forgotten today. In 'Orchestrating the Nation', author Douglas W. Shadle explores the stylistic diversity of this subst…
Beethoven cast a looming shadow over the nineteenth century. For composers he was a model both to emulate and to overcome. "You have no idea how it feels," Brahms confided, "when one always hears such a giant marching behind one." Exploring the response of five composers - Berli…
Gustav Mahler's symphonic landscapes
Thomas Peattie considers the theatrical dimension of Mahler's reinvention of the symphony at the turn of the twentieth century.
'Mahler's Symphonic Sonatas' examines Gustav Mahler's career-long engagement with sonata form. It argues that a dynamic, process-based sonata-form concept factors into all of his early and middle-period symphonies, informing not just their schematic design, but also their narrat…
Why would Gustav Mahler (1860-1911), modernist titan and so-called prophet of the New Music, commit himself time and again to the venerable sonata-allegro form of Mozart and Beethoven? How could so gifted a symphonic storyteller be drawn to a framework that many have dismissed a…
Shostakovich's music is often said to communicate a profound & highly characteristic sense of energy. Through analysis of the symphonies, Michael Rofe shows how energy emanates from multiple internal dimensions of the music: rhythms, harmonies, timbres, tonal schemes and forms m…