Basin and Petroleum System Modeling (BPSM) is coupled-physics approach that tracks over the course of basin history, the evolution of basin geometry, compaction, pressure, fluid flow, temperature, and chemical transformation of organic matter to quantitatively predict petroleum …
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Soils provide numerous functions to support natural and human life. Soils and their functions develop over long timescales (decennia to millennia) under influence of environmental properties and drivers such as water flow, vegetation type and topography of the landscape. At the …
The impacts of Superstorm Sandy on coastal resources of the eastern United States have brought the importance of resilient sand dune systems into focus. While dunes are primarily dominated by American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata), a host of other native species commonly …
Soil export from agricultural watersheds in Iowa is an ongoing natural phenomenon that in recent history, due to significant unnatural increases, has become a foremost environmental concern. Since European-style agricultural land management began in the mid-19th century, deliver…
This thesis concerns soil erosion and conservation in Zimbabwe. It is framed in the light of the contemporary heightened concern for the environment generally in Africa and the recent publication of the National Conservation Strategy for Zimbabwe (1987). Soil erosion is an arche…
New analytical and numerical solutions are developed to both the kinematic approximation to the St Venant equations and the Hairsine-Rose (HR) soil erosion model in order to gain a better physical understanding of soil erosion and sediment transport in shallow overland flow. The…
Excessive delivery of fine sediment from agricultural river catchments to aquatic ecosystems can degrade chemical water quality and ecological habitats. Management of accelerated soil losses and the transmission of sediment-associated agricultural pollutants, such as phosphorus,…
Sustainable agriculture in China is highly threatened by rapid urbanization, land degradation and high population pressure. Yunnan Province, south-west China, is 94% mountainous and lacks flat land. Food shortages and inappropriate cultivation have led to intensive cultivation o…
Knowledge of denudation rates over geologic timescales provides important insight into the processes that govern soil formation, the regulation of Earth’s climate, and the evolution of landscapes. Accurately establishing long-term denudation rates is also key to understanding ho…
This project expands on the 4200-year history of Laguna Los Mangos by adding diatom analysis to existing records of pollen, charcoal, elemental composition, and stable light isotope analysis. Diatoms were counted in peroxide-treated samples, and data were analyzed using cluster …
Fire is a global phenomenon that annually burns approximately 3% of Earth’s terrestrial surface. While fire is an important component of many terrestrial ecosystems, climate change and anthropogenic influence are expected to alter global fire regimes (particularly fire frequency…
This work concerns the planimetric evolution of free meandering rivers, whose associated riverbank erosion and channel changes notoriously pose a hazard to infrastructure within their vicinity as well as affect the health of the river ecosystem. It aims to address two research n…
Planetary surfaces provide a window into the geologic past of planets and can offer clues into their history of deformation. For example, endogenic forces such as tectonic activity resulting from secular planetary cooling can produce fault-driven topography that can be investiga…
Sediment erosion has led to major societal challenges across the globe including scour around bridge piers, infrastructure collapse, and poor ecological function in streams and along the coast. While stream erosion mitigation is well studied, coastal erodibility requires more un…
Scour evaluation is a critical step for assessing the stability of several types of highway infrastructures during design and post construction stages as well as throughout the operational life of the structure. During the design stage, the knowledge of scour potential and depth…
Soil erosion is a complex, natural process that often is accelerated by such human activities as land clearance, agriculture, construction, and surface mining. Accurate soil erosion type/intensity maps can be effective tools in aid of soil erosion control efforts. The principal …
As major conduits for both water and sediment, rivers are responsible for shaping much of Earth's surface. The river morphology we observe today is result of complex interaction between geology, tectonics, climate, and erosion over time, an evolution that is recorded in sediment…