This book presents a string-theoretic approach to new ideas in particle physics, also known as Physics Beyond the Standard Model, and to cosmology. The concept of Naturalness and its apparent violation by the low electroweak scale and the small cosmological constant is emphasize…
A short introduction to the algebra, geometry, number theory and physics of moonshine -- Modified elliptic genus -- Superconformal indices and instanton partition functions -- On spinorial representations of involutory subalgebras of Kac-Moody algebras -- BPS spectra and invaria…
Quantum physicist, New York Times bestselling author, and BBC host Jim Al-Khalili offers a fascinating and illuminating look at what physics reveals about the world Shining a light on the most profound insights revealed by modern physics, Jim Al-Khalili invites us all to underst…
Monte Carlo Method for Integration -- Monte Carlo with Importance Sampling -- Markov Chains -- Markov Chain Monte Carlo -- MCMC and Feynman Path Integrals -- Reliability of Simulations -- Hybrid (Hamiltonian) Monte Carlo -- MCMC and Quantum Field Theories on a Lattice -- Machine…
This thesis exhibits a range of applications of combinatoric methods to string theory. The concepts and techniques used in the counting of ribbon graphs, the theory of finite groups, and the construction of cell complexes can give powerful methods and interesting insights into t…
We explore dualities and solution-generating transformations in various contexts. Our focus is on the T-duality invariant form of supergravity known as double fi eld theory, the SL(5)-invariant M-theory extended geometry, and metrics dual under the fluid/gravity correspondence t…
In an introductory chapter, a summary of the construction of string theories is given, for both the bosonic string and the RNS superstring. Relevant mathematical technology is introduced, including super-Riemann surfaces. Conformal field theory is discussed and BRST quantization…
There has been great progress in recent years in the understanding of the mathematical structure of scattering amplitudes in Quantum Field Theory as well as the development of powerful methods for their calculation, particularly in the arena of N = 4 Super Yang-Mills where hidde…
In the past few years, on-shell analytic methods have played a pivotal role in gauge theory calculations. Since the initial success of these methods in Standard Model physics, considerable activity has led to development and application in supersymmetric gauge theories. In parti…
In this thesis we explore the finite N spectrum of BPS operators in four-dimensional supersymmetric conformal field theories (CFT), which have dual AdS gravitational descriptions. In the first part we analyze the spectrum of chiral operators in the free limit of quiver gauge the…
In this thesis the recently developed duality covariant approach to string and Mtheory is investigated. In this formalism the U-duality symmetry of M-theory or Tduality symmetry of Type II string theory becomes manifest upon extending coordinates that describe a background. The …
We argue that a theoretical upper bound exists on the cutoff of any effective theory that describes an electromagnetically interacting massive higher spin field in at space. The cutoff is a simple function of the particle's mass, spin and electric charge, and cannot be arbitrari…
Physicist Brian Greene relates the scientific story behind the research on string theory, which reveals a vision of the universe with new dimensions hidden within the fabric of space, black holes transmuting into elementary particles, rips and punctures in the space-time continu…
String field theory: a modern introduction
This textbook provides an introduction to string field theory (SFT). String theory is usually formulated in the worldsheet formalism, which describes a single string (first-quantization). While this approach is intuitive and could be pushed far due to the exceptional properties …